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Haloalkanes (Chemistry of haloalkanes (Hydrolysis (• Hydrolysis is a…
Haloalkanes
Chemistry of haloalkanes
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Hydrolysis
• Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction involving water or an aqueous solution of a hydroxide which causes the breaking of a bond in a molecule – causes molecule to split into two products
• In hydrolysis of a haloalkane, the halogen is replaced by an –OH group
• The nucleophile (-OH) approaches the carbon atom attached to the halogen on the opposite side of the molecule to the halogen
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• Haloalkanes can be converted to alcohols by using (aq) sodium hydroxide heated slowly at room temperature under reflux to obtain good yield of product
C-X bond strength
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• C-F bond is the strongest as it is the most polar bond (carbon and fluorine have high electronegativity difference), so it forms a strong dipole which takes lots of energy to break down
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