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Seed Plants I: Gymnosperms (Concepts (Manoxylic wood (Small amount of…
Seed Plants I: Gymnosperms
Concepts
Lignophytes
Monophyletic woody plants
Spermatophytes
Seed plants
Manoxylic wood
Small amount of spongy parenchymatous wood
Pycnoxylic wood
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Hard, strong wood with little parenchyma
Gymnosperms
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Plants with "naked ovules"
Angiosperms
Flowering plants
Division Progymnospermophyta: Progymnosperms
Progymnosperms
Plant that gave rise to other gymnosperms
Aneurophytales
Order that contains relictual progymnosperms
Archaeopteridales
Reproduce heterosporously
Evolution of seeds
Integument
Tissue that surrounded the megasporangium
Micropyle
Permitted entry of sperm cells
Pollen chamber
Place where microspores settled
Division Pteridospermophyta: Seed Ferns
Seed ferns
Early woody plants with fern-like foliage
Manoxylic wood
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Division Coniferophyta: Conifers
All have seed and pollen cones
Pines
Long shoots
Tiny papery leaves
Short shoots
Needles
Simple cones
Pollen cones
Compound cones
Seed cones
Cones bracts
Ovuliferous scale
Axiliary bud and its megasporophylls
Suspenser
Ellongated cells before embryo
Other cells form proembryo
Division Cychadophyta: Cycads
Confused with ferns or young palms
Leaves do not bear ovules (cones)
Division Cycadeoidophyta: Cycadeoids
Extinct plants almost identical to cycads
Division Ginkgophyta: Maidenhair Tree
Looks like a large dicot tree
Pollen is produced in organ that resembles catkin
Division Gnetophyta
Anthophytes
Possible division of gnetophytes and flowering plant ancestor
Mostly vines or small shrubs
