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Volumetric Analysis: Acid-base (HCI 2 (Funnel is removed & the bottom…
Volumetric Analysis: Acid-base
Definitions
Solution- completely perfect mixture of a solute & a solvent
Concentration- the amount of solute that is dissolved in a given volume of solution
Molarity- the number of moles of solute per litre of solution
Titration- laboratory procedure where a measured volume of one solution is added to a known volume of another solution until the reaction is complete
HCI 2
Funnel is removed & the bottom of the meniscus is adjusted to the 0 mark
The tap of the burette is opened to fill the tap
Burette is filled with dilute HCI to above the 0 mark using a funnel
Conical flask is placed under the burette & the tap is opened & the conical flask is being swirled
A few drops of methyl orange are added to solution in conical flask
Close tap when solution turns from yellow to pink
25cm3 of Na carbonate are pipetted from a beaker into a conical flask
Pipette is rinsed with Na carbonate & burette is rinsed with HCI
Pipette, burette & conical flask are washed with deionised water
Water crystallisation in hydrated Na carbonate(washing soda)
Pipette is washed with Na carbonate & the burette is washed with HCI
Using a pipette 25cm3 of Na carbonate transferred from a beaker to a conical flask
Using a wash bottle add deionised water to the volumetric flask until the bottom of the meniscus is exactly on the graduation mark
3 drops of methyl orange are added to conical flask
Crystals are dissolved in water using a glass rod & transferred to a volumetric flask. All precautions taken
About 5g of washing soda crystals are weighed out on a clock glass
Burette is filled to above the 0 mark with HCI, funnel is removed & the bottom of the meniscus is adjusted to the 0 graduation mark
Pipette, burette & conical flask are washed with deionised water
Prepare a standard solution of sodium carbonate
Using a funnel add the solution to the volumetric flask. Using a wash bottle rinse beaker into volumetric flask
Using a wash bottle add deionised water to the volumetric flask until the bottom of the meniscus is exactly on the graduation mark
View at eye level
Rinse the Na carbonate from the clock glass into a beaker of deionised water & stir with a glass rod to dissolve
Known mass of anhydrous Na carbonate is accurately weighed out on a clock glass
Stopper the flask & invert about 20 times
Definitions
Standard solution- solution whose concentration is accurately known
Primary standard solution - substance that can be obtained in a stable, pure & soluble solid form so that it can be weighed out & dissolved in water to give a solution of accurately known concentration
One molar- one that contains one mole of the solute dissolved in one litre of solution
Use the standard solution of Na carbonate to standardise HCI
Using a funnel add the solution to the volumetric flask. Using a wash bottle rinse beaker into volumetric flask
Using a wash bottle add deionised water to the volumetric flask until the bottom of the meniscus is exactly on the graduation mark
Rinse the Na carbonate from the clock glass into a beaker of deionised water & stir with a glass rod to dissolve
View at eye level
Known mass of anhydrous Na carbonate is accurately weighed out on a clock glass
Stopper the flask & invert about 20 times
vinegar
Use the pipette to transfer 25cm3 of Na hydroxide to a conical flask that has been rinsed with deionised water
3 drops of phenophthalein indicator are added to conical flask
Pipette is washed with deionised water & Na hydroxide solution
Deionised water is added until the bottom of the meniscus is level with the graduation mark. View at eye level
Burette is rinsed with water & dilute vinegar
2 25cm3 samples of vinegar are added to a 250cm3 volumetric flask
Using a funnel the burette is filled with dilute vinegar. Funnel is removed & the bottom of the meniscus is adjusted to 0 mark
Vinegar is titrated against the Na hydroxide
pink- colourless