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Weimar and Nazi Germany - The Treaty of Versailles (Why Treaty of…
Weimar and Nazi Germany - The Treaty of Versailles
After Armistice was signed - Allied leaders decided terms of peace
28th June 1919 - Eventually signed in the French Palace of Versailles (near Paris)
Terms of Treaty
Article 231 - stated Germany had caused war. Germany had to take blame.
Gave reasons for the Allies to punish Germany
Had to pay reparations to Allies. 1921 - reparations of £6,600 million
Terms of Treaty
Army limited - 100,000 men
No heavy artillery
Navy limited - 6 battleships, 6 cruisers, 12 destroyers, 12 torpedo boats, 0 submarines. Rest of fleet - destroyed
No air force. Existing air force - destroyed
Terms of Treaty
Germany lost 10% of population
13% of European territory
All overseas property/investments
50% of its iron reserves
15% of its coal reserves
Why Treaty of Versailles was unpopular in Germany
Could not afford to pay reparations, people were without jobs + food
Had to take the blame for starting war, felt it was unfair as other countries were to blame
Not allowed to be part of negotiations
Felt that Britain + France believed they were higher than Germany. Forced Germany to give up empire, didn't give up theirs
Before WW1 - Germany very proud of military. Angry that military had been reduced, Britain + France was allowed to keep theirs
Due to banning of books/films/news during war, most people didn't realise they were losing the war. Blamed treaty on weak politicians who had 'stabbed them in the back'