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Fluid therapy (Principles of use (Choice of fluid Hypovolemia: saline,…

- - - - NaCl
        Water plus 150mmol/L NaCl (slightly higher than physiological)
        Na distributed to the ECF only, as cannot enter cells, thus water does not enter cells; 100% remains ECF, 1/3 intravascular
        Isotonic solution
      - Hartmann's (Na lactate)
        Contains Na, Cl, K, Ca, lactate (more physiological)
      - 5% dextrose
        Small amount of glucose in water, isotonic
        Glucose taken up into cells, metabolised to water
        Distributes throughout the total body water, good hydration;
        less stays intravascularly so not useful for resuscitation
        (will just cause oedema and hypo-Na)