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What is land? (Water (Rivers (Bed of river belongs to land owner (If…

- - - - If boundary then assumed both own up to mid line
    - - Can take water for ordinary purposes provided
        
        Purpose connected to land
        
        Water returned in roughly same quantity and quality
- - - - Landowner entitled to objects
        
        Even if not finder
        
        Even if unaware of object's existence
    - - Finders keepers
        
        Unless prior to discovery landowner manifested intention to exercise control over land and things found on it (Parker v British Airways Board; Bridges v Hawkesworth)
  - - - Treated as land
- - - - Mines and minerals
        
        Can be reserved or sold/leased seperately
        
        Certain minerals are state owned by statute
      - No trespass below 300m depth (s 43 Infrastructure Act 2015)
- - - - Structures that overhang are trespass regardless of damage (Kelsen v British Tobacco Co; London & Manchester Assurance Co Ltd v O & H Construction Ltd; Lemmon v Webb; Ellis v Loftus Iron Co)
    - - Immunity from nuisance and trespass for aircraft flying at reasonable height (s 76(1) Civil Aviation Act 1982)