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The definition of knowledge (Triple A (Adroitness (A belief formed by an…
The definition of knowledge
The tripartite view
.
I know that P if and only if
Your belief that p is justified
You believe that P
.
Belief is not a necessary condition
John in the exam
Knowledge = never a form of belief- must be infallible
P1. We cannot know what is false
P1. Ignorance is a relation to what is "not"
The proposition P is true
.
Truth is not a necessary condition
If we adopt some relativism about the truth it does not work
Necessary and sufficient for knowledge
Gettier cases
Smith + Jones and the interview
"The Man who will get the job has 10 coins in his pocket"
Tripartite view is not sufficient
No false lemmas
.
You believe that p
Your belief that p is justified
P is true
You did not infer that P from a false belief
PROBLEM
Fake barn county
Henry's belief is not knowledge he's just lucky
PROBLEM
Virus X and Y
P1. Smith shows all the symptoms of having virus X
C7. Therefore, knowledge is not justified true belief that is not inferred from a false belief
Infallibilism
.
C5. Therefore infallibilism is true
P1. No one can know what is false
Infallibilism leads to scepticism
Commits the fallacy of equivocation
Reliabilism
.
You believe that P
Your belief that P is produced by a reliable cognitive process
P is true
PROBLEM
Fake Barn County
Henry's belief produced from a reliable cognitive process
VISION
PROBLEM
VIRUS
Virtue Epistemology
.
Your belief that P arises from an act of intellectual virtue
You believe that P
VIRTUE
Motivating component
Component that enables us to be successful
PROBLEM
FAKE BARN COUNTY
Zagzebski-How Gettier Cases Work
.
So for any theory where Q is independent of truth, knowledge is not true belief + Q
We need a definition of knowledge that demonstrates both how and why truth and the third condition are connected and not merely added together
Start with a belief that Q but as a result of "bad luck" e.g. Henry believes, of a façade in Barn County, that it is a barn
Triple A
Adroitness
A belief formed by an intellectual virtue
Accuracy
If the belief is true
Aptness
An apt belief is one that is formed because it was formed with intellectual virtue
PROBLEM
Fake Barn County