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Chapter 23: Seed Plants II: Angiosperms (Concepts (Magnoliophyta,…
Chapter 23: Seed Plants II: Angiosperms
Concepts
Magnoliophyta
Angiosperms
Closed Carpel
Double Fertilization
Primitivevly Vesselless
Secondarily Vesselless
Zygomorphy
Changing Concepts About Early Angiosperms
Ranalean Flowers
Generalized
concepts about the nature of early aniosperms have changed as our knowledge of existing and fossil plants has become more complete
Transition from gymnosperms to angiosperms occurred during the Jurassic and lower cretaceous period of the Mesozoic era
Flowers appeared for the first time in the lower cretaceous period
Classification of Flowering Plants
Magnoliophyta is such a large group with so many families genera
Monocots or Eudicots
Basal Angiosperms
Basal Angiosperms
contain the living descendants of several groups that originated while angiosperms were still a young clade
Early descendants "should" look primitive and they "should" look like taxa
Uniaperturate
Plants and People: Maintaining Genetic Diversity
Flowering plants are particularly adept at evolving rapidly and in the short time they have existed
the 21st century, we have become aware of the horrific ecological destruction occurring on Earth
Habitat preservation and germ plasm banks
Germ Plasm Banks not merely to store and maintain plant genetic diversity
Monocots
Tepals
Alismatales
many aquatic herbs and aquatic plants
loss of stomata
this plants are thin and delicate and have very little sclerenchyma and almost no xlyem
Liliales
Petaloids
large colorful flowers
the "typical" monocots
Asparagales
this is a large clade with many families and species
Septa: fused sides
Septal Nectaries: open areas secrete nectar
Dioscoreales
the smalles order and has only one family
Dioscoreaceae
Yams are starchy "tubers"
easily mistaken for dicots
Commelinoid Monocots
Arecales
the palms
palm flowers are seldom seen because they are usually tiny and high up in the tree
Poales
contains about 8,000 species
wheat, barley, oats, rye, corn, rice, and sugar cane
wind pollinated
Zingiberales
most familiar of all house plants
pollinated by insects, birds, or bats
almost all tropical
Eudicots
Basal Eudicots
not all seem to fit into wither monocots or dicots
Caryophyllales
Anthocyanin pigments
Betalains
Perisperm
Santalales
most are parasitic
Mistletoes
ordinary tree, but its roots make fine
Rosid Clade
Fabids
Malvids
Highly relictual features found in many basal angiosperms
Asterid Clade
most derived large clade of eudicots
Iridoid compounds
Orders, lamiids and campanulids
Plants and People: Vegetarianism: Alternatives to Eating Meat
Plant based diets: Vegetarianism or Vegan
Cows and other Animals can feel pain and suffering due to the fact they are mammals
Also getting milk from other animals is not good for our deits as well as cause a little suffering for the animal
This diets will help the environment
PETA
Meat Substitutes
