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CULTURE (How Culture Differ (Masculine and Feminine Cultures. (a. …
CULTURE
How Culture Differ
- Masculine and Feminine Cultures.
a. Masculine
=more likely to confront conflict directly and fight out competitively for any differences.
=more likely to emphasize win-lose conflict strategies
b. Feminine =emphasize quality of life and socialize people to be modest and emphasize on close interpersonal relationships.
- High-ambiguity Tolerant and low-ambiguity tolerant
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b. low ambiguity =avoid uncertainty and have great deal of anxiety about not knowing what will happen next.
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b. Low power
=general feeling of equality, you can act assertively, you're expect to confront a friend, partner or supervisor.
- High and Low Context Cultures.
a. High context
=information is in the context or person
=also known as collective cultures
=put great emphasize on personal relationships and oral agreement.
b. Low context
=information is explicitly stated in verbal message
=use language to express thoughts, feeling and ideas as clearly and logically
- Long and Short Term Orientation
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b.. Short term orientation
=members look more to the past and the present
=members spend their resources for the present
- Individuals and Collective Orientation.
a. Individualist Culture (US, Australia, Canada)
=Teaches members the importance of individuals values such as power, achievement, hedonism and stimulation.
b. Collectivist Culture (China, Peru, Pakistan)
=Teaches members the importance of group values such as benevolence,tradition and conformity.
a. Indulgence
=members emphasize the gratification of desires
=they focus on having fun and enjoying life.
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The Meaning of Culture.
-Culture can be defined as the relatively specialized lifestyle o a group of people.
-Passed one from one generation through communication not through genes.
-The process by which you learn the culture into which you are born is called enculturation.