The Central Nervous System
Hindbrain
Contains
The spinal cord
The midbrain
The pons
The diencephalon
The epithalamus
The hypothalamus
The cerebellum
The cerebrum
The lobes
Features of the Cerebrum
Frontal
Parietal
Temporal
Occipital
Associated with
Primary somatosensory cortex
Prominent gyri
Precentral gyrus
postcentral gyrus
Insular cortex
Colliculi
Inferior colliculi
Superior colliculi
Tracts
Ascending tracts
Descending tracts
Capillaries of the brain
Tight junctions
Maintain the blood brain barrier
Associated with sensory signals
Associated with motor signals
Connected to the rest of the brain by
Cerebellar peduncles
Roots
Ventral roots
Dorsal roots
Medulla oblongota
Tracts of the brain
Association tracts
Projection tracts
Commisural tracts
Thalamus
Dorsal root ganglion
Reticular formation nuclei
Associated with
Formation of visual memories
Processing of auditory signals
Processing of visual signals
Language recognition
Formation of new memories
Primary motor cortex
Emotional expression
Problem solving
Sexual behaviors
Regulates somatic motor signals
Associated with
Proprioception
Interpretation of visual information
Processing of language
Creating an understanding of language
Associated with
Perception
Self awareness
Interpersonal experience
motor control
Position
Superior to the Medulla Oblongata
Associated with
Inferior to the midbrain
Cranial Nerve Nuclei
Trigeminal motor nucleus
Trigeminal sensory nucleus
Vestibulocochlear nerve
Hearing
Facial motor nucleus
Abducens nucleus
Facial sensation
Posture
Eye movement
Facial expression
Balance and equilibrium
Lost after damage
Chewing
Connects limbic system with the rest of the brain
The limbic system is associated with
Emotion
Motivation
Behavior
Long term memory
Smell
Associated with
Pineal gland
Location
Associated with
The pituitary gland
Thirst
Fatigue
Circadian rythms
Connects endocrine and nervous systems
Inferior to thalamus
Anterior area of the diencephalon
Maintains homeostasis
How
Secretion of hormones
Attachment behaviors
Body temperature
Contains numerous nuclei
Location
Posterior area of diencephalon
Associated with
Sending signals to cerebral cortex
Sensory
Signals
Pain signals
Temperature
Consciousness
Alertness
Sleep
Motor
Superior
Middle
Inferior
To the midbrain
To the pons
Relates to the medulla oblongota
Location
Associated with
Superior to the spinal cord
Inferior to the pons
Visceral Motor function
Breathing
Vomiting
Heart rate
Sneezing
Blood pressure
Location
Location
Location
Location
A series of nuclei
Location
Pons
Medulla oblognata
Midbrain
glossopharyngeal nerve
vagus nerve
Hypoglossal nerve
substantia nigra
See "Pons" branch
oculomotor nerve
Trochlear nerve nuclei
Red nuclei
Largely vestigeal
Innervates extrinsic eye muscles
Reward behaviors
Motor control
Innervates superior oblique muscle of the eye
Spinal accessory nerve
Innervates
Sternochleidomastoid
Trapezius muscles
Recieves a variety of sensory signals
Has only one motor component
Innervation of the stylopharyngeus muscle
Controls
Heart
Lungs
GI tract
Motor nerve
Innervates the tongue
bilateral on both left and right of brain
Anterior part of cerebrum
Pyramidal tracts
Corticobulbar
Corticospinal tracts
Cranial nerves
Spinal nerves
Functions
Direct motor impulses from the brain to a destination
Posterior area of cerebrum