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first 4 US presidents (jefferson (barbary pirates: The cause of the U.S.…
first 4 US presidents
jefferson
barbary pirates: The cause of the U.S. participation was pirates from the Barbary States seizing American merchant ships and holding the crews for ransom, demanding the U.S. pay tribute to the Barbary rulers. United States President Thomas Jefferson refused to pay this tribute
embargo act:The Embargo Act of 1807 was an attempt by President Thomas Jefferson and the U.S. Congress to prohibit American ships from trading in foreign ports. It was intended to punish Britain and France for interfering with American trade while the two major European powers were at war with each other.
Louisiana purchase: In exchange, the United States acquired the vast domain of Louisiana Territory, some 828,000 square miles of land. The treaty was dated April 30 and signed on May 2. In October, the U.S. Senate ratified the purchase, and in December 1803 France transferred authority over the region to the United States.
Political philosophy and how it differs from Adams: Jefferson's philosophy was that the core political value of America is republicanism—citizens have a civic duty to aid the state and resist corruption, especially monarchism and aristocracy. Adams was a federalist.
adam
XYZ affair – Alien/Sedition Acts – Virginia/Kentucky resolutions: The Kentucky and Virginia resolutions. The Federalist Party supported the Alien and Sedition Acts, but the Democratic-Republican Party criticized them. They argued that the Alien and Sedition Acts gave too much power to the federal government.
Midnight appointments: The 1801 Judiciary Act (Midnight Judges Act) was "An Act to provide for the more convenient organization of the Courts of the United States". John Adams, leader of the Federalists, signed the act into law on February 13, 1801, less than 3 weeks before the end of his presidency and the start of the Jefferson presidency.
Federalist vs. Jeffersonian-Republicans: The Jeffersonian Republicans believed in strong state governments, a weak central government, and a strict interpretation of the Constitution. The Federalists saw it differently. They opted for a powerful central government with weaker state governments, and a loose interpretation of the Constitution.
John Marshall: raised him stand during the last year of Adam's presidency. he he dramatically reshaped both the court itself and its larger role in the government. Under Marshall's leadership, the Court was elevated to a coequal branch of government.
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washington
Hamilton’s economic plan:He proposed that the government assume the entire debt of the federal government and the states. His plan was to retire the old depreciated obligations by borrowing new money at a lower interest rate. he did this to get rid of the nation debt.
Farewell address: urged Americans to avoid excessive political party spirit and geographical distinctions. In foreign affairs, he warned against long-term alliances with other nations. The address was printed in Philadelphia's American Daily Advertiser on September 19, 1796.
whiskey rebellion:President Washington's use of soldiers to make the farmers stop rebelling had two effects: the government was able to demonstrate its power and the Federalist Party lost the support of the people.