Darren Butarbutar Period 2 - Reproductive System
Major Functions of the Reproductive system
Hormones and their regulation
Formation of Gametes
Anatomy of Female and Male
Female
Male
The purpose of the organs of the male reproductive system is to perform the following functions: To produce, maintain, and transport sperm (the male reproductive cells) and protective fluid (semen) To discharge sperm within the female reproductive tract during sex.
The female reproductive system is designed to carry out several functions. It produces the female egg cells necessary for reproduction, called the ova or oocytes. The system is designed to transport the ova to the site of fertilization.
Female
Male
Clitoris
Vesicouterine Pouch
Cervix
Vagina
Labium minus
Uterus
Labum majus
Ovary
Rectouterine pouch
Uterine Tube
Fornix
Both the male and female gametes are formed during a process of cellular reproduction called meiosis. During meiosis, the DNA is only replicated or copied one time. However, the cells are divided into four separate cells.
Vas Deferens
Urethra
Pubic bone
Erectile tissue
Bladder
Penis
Testis
Scrotum
Seminal Vesicle
Ejaculatory duct
Rectum
Epididymis
Female
Male
Follicle-Stimulating hormone
Testosterone
Luteinizing hormone
When testosterone levels are low, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is released by the hypothalamus, which in turn stimulates the pituitary gland to release FSH and LH.
follicle stimulating hormone acts on the Sertoli cells of the testes to stimulate sperm production (spermatogenesis).
LH acts upon the Leydig cells of the testis and is regulated by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). When T levels are low, GnRH is released by the hypothalamus, stimulating the pituitary gland to release LH.
Testosterone
Follicle-Stimulating hormone
Luteinizing hormone
Estradiol
LH acts upon the Leydig cells of the testis and is regulated by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). When T levels are low, GnRH is released by the hypothalamus, stimulating the pituitary gland to release LH
When testosterone levels are low, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is released by the hypothalamus, which in turn stimulates the pituitary gland to release FSH and LH.
follicle stimulating hormone acts on the Sertoli cells of the testes to stimulate sperm production (spermatogenesis).
Secretion of GnRH depends on certain neurons in the hypothalamus which express a gene (KISS-1) encoding a protein of 145 amino acids.
Events of the female hormonal cycle
The four phases of the menstrual cycle are menstruation, the follicular phase, ovulation and the luteal phase. Common menstrual problems include heavy or painful periods and premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Knowing when in the menstrual cycle a woman is most likely to conceive can increase the chance of pregnancy.
Disorders of the Reproductive System
STD
HIV/AIDS
PID is an infection of the uterus, fallopian tubes and other reproductive organs. It often results from untreated STD/STIs, such as chlamydia and gonorrhea. ... It's can be thought of as a skin infection of the mouth and/or genitals, and doesn't usually have severe health consequences.
AIDS stands for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. AIDS is the most advanced stage of HIV infection. HIV attacks and destroys the infection-fighting CD4 cells of the immune system. The loss of CD4 cells makes it difficult for the body to fight infections and certain cancers.