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Ch 23 Seed Plants II: Angiosperms (Changing Concepts About Early…
Ch 23 Seed Plants II: Angiosperms
Changing Concepts About Early Angiosperms
ranalean flower
hypothesis developed by C. E. Bessey
magnolia type flower was thought to be relictual
generalized flower
it has all parts
sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels
most botanists said that angiosperms were monophyletic
paleobotanists and taxonomists think the transition from gymnosperm to angiosperm happened in the Jurassic Period
Classification of Flowering Plants
almost all angiosperms are classified as monocots or eudicots
monocot
informal term for any member of the flowering plant class Liliopsida
eudicot
clade of angiosperms that contains most species formally known as dicots
basal angiosperm
several clades of angiosperms that arose before the rest of the angiosperms diverged into monocots and eudicots
not newly discovered
Basal Angiosperms
contain living descendants of several groups that originated while angiosperms were still a small clade
uniaperturate
pollen that only has a single germination pore
ancestral condition for angiosperms
Monocots
Commelinoid Monocots
differ from the others in several unusual synapomorphies
have unique types of epicuticular wax
Tepal
members of perianth when it is not certain if they are really sepals or petals
Alismatales
liliales
Eudicots
Basal Eudicots
betalains
water soluble pigments
perisperm
nutritive tissue
surrounds developing embryo
Rosid Clade
named for the rose order rosales
two large clades
fabids
malvids
Asterid Clade
most derived
two small orders
lamiids
campanulids
