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The Reproductive System (anatomy of the male structure (sperm (head-…

- - - - comma shaped, tightly coiled tube found in the superior part of the testes
        
        expels sperm with the contraction of muscles of epididymis to the vas deferens
  - - - spermatic cord- made up ducts deferens, blood vessels, and nerves surround by a connective tissue sheath
  - - - extends from the base of urinary bladder to the tip of the penis
  - - - provide transport medium for sperm and inhibits bacterial multiplication
  - - - encircles the upper part of the urethra
  - - - root- attached to body wall
        
        shaft- free, movable portion of penis
        
        glans penis- contains urethral opening
- - - - outer cortex houses developing female gamate, the oocyte, within follicles
  - - - oocytes are maturated in developing ovarian follicles
  - - - infundibulum- open end is funnel-shaped, not directly connect to the ovary
  - - - located between the urinary bladder and rectum
  - - - serves as birth canal and receives the penis during sexual intercourse
  - - - labia majora- outer fold
        
        labia minora- inner fold
  - - - milk exits through the nipple and areola is the colored portion
        
        modified sweat glands and found in both sexes but ceases to develop in males
- - - - ovarian cycle- occurs in the ovaries leading to the maturation and ovulation of the mature oocyte
        
        follicle phase (day 1-14) - extends from the beginning of menstruation until ovulation
        
        ovulation (day 14)- triggered by sudden spike increase in LH caused by steady increase in estrogen stimulating the pituitary gland
        
        graafian follicle- releases the oocyte
        
        luteal phase (day 15-28) - when follicle expels the oocyte, the empty shell becomes corpus luteum
      - uterine cycle- occurs in the uterus to prepare the uterus for implantation of the fertilized ovum
        
        menstruation (day 1-5) - decline of estrogen and progesterone cause the spiral arteries to constrict, cells becme ischemic and die, are sloughed off or shed
        
        proliferative phase (day 6-14) - estrogen stimulates growth of blood vessels of the endothetrium, causing it to double in thickness
        
        secretory phase (day 15-28) - in response to rising levels of progestrone by the corpus luteum, the uterus becomes ready for pregnancy
- - - - male symptoms- discharge from penis, burning and itching around urethral opening of penis, pain and swelling in testicles
        
        female symptoms- no symptoms, lower pelvic or abdominal pain
  - - - male symptoms- yellow or white discharge , burning, frequent urination, and swollen testicles
        
        female symptoms- yellow or white discharge, heavier periods or more bleeding, nausea or fever
  - - - early symptoms- painful sores and chancres can turn to copper
        
        later symptoms- fever, headache, loss of appetite, and can lead to death in 10 to 30 years due to heart attack or brain damage
  - - - male symptoms- small sores or cluster of blisters on penis
        
        female symptoms- blisters in or around the vagina
  - - - symptoms- warts look like tiny cauliflowers but they can be, itching, pain
  - - - symptoms- fever, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, and weight loss
  - - - symptoms- itching
  - - - female symptoms- itching, burning, painful frequent urination, and yellow, greenish discharge
        
        male symptoms- no symptoms or discomfort in urethra or inflamed head of penis