英语语法（时态）
现在时
将来时
一般现在时：
1.总是真实的事情；一直/重复/经常/有时/从不发生的事情。例：The sun rises in the east.
2.其它重复性动作。
例：I go to the mountains about twice a year.
3.Here comes; There goes 等表达方式。
例：Here comes the postman.
4.【可表示将来】谈论时间表、日常工作、日程安排。
例：The meeting starts at ten o'clock.
5.寻求和给予指导。
例：Where do I get an application form? You go to the main office.
现在进行时：
1.现在/现阶段正在发生的事情；正在变化/发展的事情。
例：She's not playing much tennis these days（阶段）；. Interest rates are rising again.（变化）
2.说话时发生的重复性动作。
例：Why is he hitting the dog?
3.带always/continually/forever，表示重复性但无法预料/未计划的事件，多表示抱怨&批评。
例：She's always turning up with little presents for the children.
一般现在时&现在进行时混用：
1.说明、实况报道、叙述：讲述一连串发生的事情用一般现在时；描述更长的背景用现在进行时。
例：So he's having breakfast when the doorbell rings.He opens the door and sees this woman outside.She's wearing...
无一般进行时形式的动词：1.like/need/assume/believe/doubt/feel/hate/want/wish等表示心理状态、情感状态、感官的词；
2.agree/appear/deny/impress等表示交流、引起回应的词；
3.belong/concern/consist/cost/depend/deserve等表示拥有、占有的动词
4.include/involve/lack /measure/owe等词
表达一般将来时，用什么表达形式？
现在进行时：
1.已经预见到事情的来临/开始。
例：I'm seeing Janet on Tuesday.
2.表述计划，当时间/地点已经确定。
例：Joe's spending next week in France.
be going to：
1.表述计划，当时间/地点未确定。
例：I'm going to take a holiday some time soon.
2.已经存在的决定。
例：I'm going to do them all on Monday.
3.超出人类控制范围的预测。
例：It's going to rain soon.
用Will：
1.只是陈述未来信息，没有预见到；
例：I wonder is she'll recognise me.
2.临时宣布的决定。例：OK,I'll pay it,
be+不定式（be to do)
1.表达正式计划和已经确定的安排。
例：Our firm is to merge with Universal Export.
2.先决条件，常用于if搭配。
例：You'll need to start working if you 're to pass your exam.
3.发出命令。
例：Tell Jenny she's not to be back late.
将来进行时（will be v-ing)
1.表达某事在将来某一时刻正在进行中。
例：This time next Tuesday I'll be lying on the beach.
2.客气地询问对方做了啥决定。
例：Will you be writing to Oliver?
将来完成时（will have done)
表述某事将在未来的某一刻之前已经完成。
例：We'll have finished planting the new trees by Wednesday.
将来完成进行时（will have been doing)
表述某事在某一时刻前将持续多久，不常用。
例：By next summer, I will have been working fere for 8 years.
过去将来时（was/were going to ,would, was/were to do)
1.表述从过去看，某事将在未来发生。
例：I was in a state of panic,because I was sitting my final exams in 2 days.
2.表达事情隐藏于未来当中。
例：She would live to regret it.
过去时
一般过去时
1.表述已经完成的动作（长期/短暂，重复/一次性），和现在没有联系。
例：Pam phoned this morning.
2.发布新闻时表述具体的时间、地点等细节。
例：They were in the car.
3.表述并未改变的过去情况。
例：I got that job because I spoke French.
4.表述过去的重复性动作。
例：I ran away from school regularly.
5.现有事物的来源。（不用完成时）
例：Who wrote that?
过去进行时
1.表述特定时刻尚未完成的动作。
例：At 10 o'clock last night I was still painting the kitchen.
2.表述在过去某一特定时间的重复性动作
例：I was playing a lot of tennis when I got to know Peter.
3.带always的形式可用于表述重复性又不可预测/未计划的事件。常用于抱怨&批评。
例：Andy was always coming around at the most inconvenient moments.
4.委婉地表述请求、私人问题。
例：Were wondering if you needed any help.
一般过去时+过去进行时连用：
持续时间较长的动作/情况用过去进行时；已完成较短的动作。
例：At 1:00,when I got home from the hospital,Pete was cooking lunch.
完成时
一般现在完成时
1.表述已完成的动作/情况/时间，与现在有联系。
例：I've made a cake .Would you like a slice?
2.宣布新闻消息。
例：The President has arrive in London.
3.表述持续到现在，不变的状态而非动作。
例：I've lived in this village all my life.
现在完成进行时
1.表述一直持续到现在的情况&动作。常见于表述持续时间。例：I've been waiting since eight o'clock
2.表述到目前为止这段时间是如何渡过的（表示动作）。
例：I've been working very hard.
3.want 和mean不用现在进行时，但可以用现在完成进行时。
例：I've been wanting to meet you for ages.
过去完成时
1.已经在谈论过去，想要谈论之前更早的时间。
例：We couldn't understand why Ellie hadn't phoned.
2.强调第一个动作是单独的，在第二个动作开始前已经结束。常与after/ as soon as /once搭配。
例：After the plane had landed they discovered bullet holes in the wings.
3.和when连用表示分割性。（前后两件事的主语通常一样）
例：When I had made all my phone calls ,I did some gardening.
过去完成进行时
1.表述一直持续到过去某个特定时间之前的情况。
例：All the roads were flooded: it had been raining solidly for 3 days.
带有 this/it/that is/was the first/second/third/only/best/worst等的句子中用完成时。
例：This is the first time that I've been here.