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Alkanes (Properties of alkanes (Alkane structure (• Saturated…
Alkanes
Properties of alkanes
General alkane stuff
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• Amongst most stable organic compounds so lack or reactivity means crude oil deposits can remain in the earth for millions of years
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Alkane structure
• Saturated hydrocarbons – containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms bonded together (single covalent bonds)
• Each carbon bonded by a sigma bond – σ, (single covalent bond)
• Covalent bond is a shared pair of electrons and a sigma bond is the result of the overlap of two orbitals – one from each bonding atom where each overlapping orbital contains one electron
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• As each carbon atom is surrounded by 4 electron pairs in 4 bonds, it forms a tetrahedral shape with 109.5 bond angle due to the electron repulsion between the pairs
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