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Cerebrum (Insula (Central Sulcus: A fissure that separates the frontal and…

- - - - post central gyrus
        
        pre central gyrus
        
        Located anterior to central sulcus where movement is initiated and messages are sent out
        
        location of primary motor cortex
        
        Generates neural impulses that control execution of movement
        
        Located behind central sulcus where messages come
        
        location of somatosensory cortex
        
        Receives all sensory information from the neurons for processing
    - - Cerebellum
        
        Located below the cerebrum and behind the brainstem where its function is to coordinate body movement and maintain equilibrium
        
        commissural tracts
        
        Connects the 2 cerebral hemispheres
        
        projection tracts
        
        Carries information between the cerebellum and the rest of the body
        
        Cerebral Hemispheres: 2 sides of the cerebrum
        
        association tracts
        
        Connects different parts within the same cerebral hemisphere
        
        Blood Brain Barrier
        
        The separation of the circulating blood and the brain extracellular fluid (CSF) in the CNS. It occurs along all capillaries and consists of tight junctions around the capillaries that do not exist in normal circulation. It keeps harmful substances (bacteria, viruses, toxins) out of the brain
        
        Tight Junctions
        
        Seal adjacent epithelial cells in a narrow band
        
        Capillaries
        
        Smallest blood vessel where the transfer of oxygen and other nutrients take place
        
        Descending Tracts
        
        Nerve pathway where sensory signals leave the brain
      - reticular formation nuclei
        
        A collection of gray matter that is involved with vital functions that are regulated by your autonomic nervous system
- - - - pyramidal tracts
        
        Run through the entire brainstem and controls autonomic behavior
        
        Spinal Cord
        
        a bundle of nerve fibers that connect parts of body to the brain
        
        Ascending Tracts
        
        Nerve pathway where sensory signals from spinal cord go towards the brain
        
        Anterior Root
        
        The efferent motor root of the spinal cord
        
        Posterior Root
        
        Transmits sensory information
        
        Posterior Root Ganglion
        
        A bundles of nerve cell bodies that transmits sensory signals to spinal cord
    - - Controls motor movement particularly of the eyes
        
        Peduncles
        
        Contain several tracts that connects midbrain to cerebral cortex. All tracts are motor meaning they care messages to cerebrum.
    - - A message station between areas in brain
    - - Controls certain ANS responses. Contains cardio center (heart rate), vascular center (blood pressure) and respiratory center (respirations).
    - - Visual reflexes and subconscious tracking and following
    - - Auditory reflexes and contains nucleus involved with fight or flight response
    - - Relays sensory information and controls functions of the PNS. Consists of 3 parts including the thalamus, hypothalamus and epithalamus
        
        Thalamus
        
        The relay station for conscious sensory signals traveling to cerebral cortex. It amplifies or dampens a signal.
        
        Hypothalamus
        
        Contains many functions including control and regulation of body temp, hunger, thirst, sleep wake cycles, endocrine system, motivation behavior for mood and sex and autonomic nervous system
        
        Epithalamus
        
        Contains the pineal gland which produces the hormone melatonin