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Magnetism (Properties (If a bar magnet is suspended so that it turns…

- - - - The region around the magnet where magnetic forces act, concentrated at the poles
  - - - The constant movement of electrons produces a magnetic field
      - Spinning electrons create electric fields
        
        Each spinning electron is a tiny magnet
        
        Electrons spinning the same way make up a stronger magnet, and electrons spinning the opposite direction cancel each other out.
- - - - q - charge (c)
      - v - velocity (m/s)
      - F - force (N)
      - B - magnetic field (t)
  - - - I - current (A)
      - B - magnetic field (T)
      - F - force (N)
      - L - length (m)
- - - - Made from iron, cobalt, or nickel
  - - - Ferromagnetic materials become magnetized by rubbing against or being near magnets
- - - - Unmagnetized objects have disorganized domains
        
        Magnets can become demagnetized through excessive heating, passing electricity, or hammering
      - Magnetized objects have domains in the same direction
  - - - Can be created with moving charges, spin magnetic dipole moment, and by orbital magnetic dipole moment of electron
    - - Shape revealed by magnetic field lines (from north to south pole)
    - - Oersted observed that a current carrying wire deflected the needle of a compass placed near it
        
        hypothesized electric current must produce an electric field around the wire
        
        Parallel wires
        
        Same direction - attract
        
        Opposite directions - repel
        
        Solenoids are a long, helically wound coil of insulated wire (also called electromagnet)
        
        strength increased by
        
        increasing the current
        
        placing an iron core inside the coils
        
        increasing the number of coils