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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary diseases (ASTHMA this a condition in which …
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary diseases
ASTHMA this a condition in which airways narrow, swell and produce extra mucus.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
wheezing
breathlessness
Episodes of tightness in the chest.
coughing
whistling sound when exhaling
coughing worsened by cold or flu.
chest pain
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
mechanism may be acute, sub acute/chronic.
Airways present with edema.
Inflammation of the airways.
mucus secretion contribute to air disturbance.
mucus secretion is extra and contribute to bronchial reactivity.
Airway obstruction increases resistance to airflow.
NURSING CARE PLAN
OBJECTIVE DATA
Blue lips
blue fingers
Wheezing
High breathing rate
SUBJECTIVE DATA
Chest pain
cough
Shortness of breath
EXPECTED OUTCOME
absence of dyspnea
Patient maintaining needed breathing patterns
Normal respiratory rate
NURSING INTERVENTION
Assess for any signs of dyspneoa
Asses for anxiety if present give morphine
Position a patient in fowler's position to open airways.
CHRONIC BRONCHITIS this is an inflammation of the lining of bronchial tubes, which carry air to and from your lungs.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
sputum production
Slight production
Cough
Fatigue
Shortness of breath
chest discomfort
Pathophysiology
Chronic bronchitis leads to an increase in number and size of cells.
It also result in the development of scar tissues.
Ongoing airway inflammation which leads to a change in the structure.
Excessive mucus production leads to airflow blockage.
NURSING CARE PLAN
DESIRED OUTCOMES
Effective coughing
no dyspneoa
Clear breathing sounds
NURSING INTERVATION
Assess cough is it dry or moist.
Assess frequency of cough does it happen at night or during the day.
Encourage frequent fluid intake.
Teach a patient how to do breathing exercises.