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Traumatic conditions:Pneumothorax and Hemothorax (Clinical manifestations,…
Traumatic conditions:Pneumothorax and Hemothorax
Definition
Pneumothorax occurs when the parietal or visceral pleura is breached and the pleural space is exposed to positive atmospheric pressure
Risk Factors
during invasive thoracic procedures (ie, thoracentesis, transbronchial lung biopsy
In a traumatic pneumothorax, (eg, rib fractures), penetrating chest or abdominal trauma
Clinical manifestations
Anxiety, dyspnea, air hunger, use of accessory muscles, and central cyanosis
Minimal respiratory distress with small pneumothorax
In a tension pneumothorax, the trachea is shifted away from the affected side, chest expansion may be decreased
Pleuritic pain of sudden onset.
Pathophysiology
Can occur spontaneously or can be a result from trauma or medical procedure
The pathophysiology of pneumothorax involves the filling of the pleural cavity with air or other type of gas. Pressure in the area can interfere with lung function and in some cases the organ can collapse. The condition can occur spontaneously, because of disease, or as the result of an injury
Pharmacotherapy
mixing 2-5 g in 250 mL of sterile isotonic sodium chloride solution to form a slurry or poudrage
tension pneumothorax requires treatment with rapidity. However, anesthetics and analgesics should be used if the patient is not in distress.
Health Education
Patient must finish all prescribed medication
patient to take note of all follow up dates
Investigative Procedure
Chest X-Ray
Computed temography
Ultrasound
Traumatic Disorders ;Flail chest
Defination
Flail chest is a life-threatening medical condition that occurs when a segment of the rib cage breaks due to trauma and becomes detached from the rest of the chest wall
nursing manangement
Promote drainage
continuous nursing assesment
prevent strain on chest area
Risk factors
Car accident
Trauma directly on the chest
Crush-related injuries, like a heavy object falling on someone, or someone being driven over by a car
Investigative procedures
Full physical examination
X Ray
Health education
Drainage is importance
No straneous activities for the patient
patient must report any severe chest pains after arrival at hospital
Clinical manifestations
Chest pains
bruising and inflammation
uneven rising or falling of your chest when breathing
pharmacotherapy
The normal mechanics of respiration. As the (intact) chest wall expands outward under the influence of the respiratory muscles (including the intercostal muscles),
presence of an unstable segment, which is not continuous with the chest wall and moves in a paradoxical fashion—
he diaphragm contracts and lowers, creating a negative intrathoracic pressure, and in response air enters through the upper respiratory system.
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