Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Pes planus (Aetiology (Trauma
TBT trauma
Spinal injury, Congenital
…
Pes planus
-
Diagnosis
Examination
Foot/ankle exam
Visible pes planus, hindfoot valgus
Tiptoe walking (fixed or mobile arch)
Heel rise walk (loss of ability)
Neurovascular status (CMT etc.)
-
-
Investigations
-
Imaging
X-ray foot (congenital deformity,
soft tissue deformity, Charcot's foot)
History
-
FH
Flat feet, ortho conditions
-
SH
Living arrangements, occupation/school,
smoking, alcohol, leisure activities
PC/HPC
Medial foot pain, flat foot,
previous foot/spinal trauma,
affecting ADLs
Management
Surgical
Corrective surgery
Indication: advanced cases or fixed deformity
SEs: pain, limited movement
Medical
Analgesia
Indication: pain
E.g. paracetamol, ibuprofen
Conservative
Information, advice, support
Refer to rheum/ortho
Lifestyle (weight loss)
Orthoptics (supportive insoles, orthoptic shoes)
Clinical presentation
-
Flat foot
-
Pathophysiology
Normal development
Flat foot normal in young children
Medial arch develops over first few years of walking
Defect
Developmental defect in children, with congenital vertical talus or tarsal coalition
Degenerative defect in adults with dysfunction of tibialis posterior tendon (TBT), a major stabiliser of the medial arch
Collapse of medial arch, may cause pain
Defect may be fixed or flexible
-
-