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Energy (Kinetic Energy-Energy of Movement-----KE=1/2mv2----involves…
Energy
Kinetic Energy-Energy of Movement-----KE=1/2mv2----involves movement----A moving car 
Thermal Energy-the internal energy of a substance due to the vibration of atoms and molecules making up the substance----Type of KE----- the sun giving off heat
Conduction, Convection, and Radiation-Conduction-Transfer of heat through direct contact;Convection- Transfer of heat through molecular motion ;Radiation- Energy transmitted through waves or rays or particles---Heat transfer----Touching a hot pot's handle would be conduction, warm air helping to raise a hot air balloon would be a example of convection and a example of radiation would be the sun's rays heating a object
Specific Heat-the amount of heat energy transferred that will raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1 degree or C---Q = mc∆T---raising the temperature---Copper heating to a higher temperature than granite due it having a lower specific heat---
Phase Change & Triple Point Diagrams-Triple Point:occurs when both the temp and pressure of the three phases of substance coexist in equilibrium; Phase Change-a graph that illustrates under what conditions the states of matter exist---Related to energy transformation and energy flow---Energy flow and transfers--Triple point diagrams allows chemists to calculate how much products will be formed from a reaction. Phase change diagrams help scientist study elements
Gas laws-the relationship between pressure (P), volume (V), and temperature (T)---P=TV---pressure, temperature, and volume impact each other---When the plunger on a sealed syringe is pushed, the pressure increases and the volume decreases.---
Sound Energy- the movement of energy through substances in the form of compression waves---Type of KE--- A speaker using vibrations to create sound energy
Light/Radiant Energy-Electromagnetic energy that travels in transverse waves-Type of KE---A flash light or lightbulb
Electromagnetic Energy-all the different kinds of energies released into space by stars----- gamma rays, x-rays, ultraviolet, visible light, infrared, microwaves and radio waves.----Using gamma rays to kill cancerous cells
Electrical Energy--- the energy from flow of electric charge ---Type of KE--- A lightning bolt
Ohm's Law-A law relating the voltage difference between two points, the electric current flowing between them, and the resistance of the path of the current----V=IR---Voltage is equal to current x resistance-----Multiplying current and resistance to get the voltage
AC-an electric current that reverses its direction many times a second at regular intervals, typically used in power supplies:DC-an electric current flowing in one direction only----A battery is an example of DC;Using AC to power your house---Forms of electric current
Mechanical Energy--- is the movement of objects or substances from one place to another---Type of KE----ME=KE+PE----the kinetic and potential energy of a moving roller coaster combined
Motor-converts electrical energy into mechanical energy---Works because of electromagnetic induction---a plane motor using electrical energy to turn the turbines---
Terminal Velocity-the constant speed that a freely falling object eventually reaches when the resistance of the medium through which it is falling prevents further acceleration---Happens when forces acting on a object are equal---a stone falling in water gains a final maximum velocity (terminal velocity) when its weight force is balanced by the buoyant force and viscous force of the water acting on it
Potential Energy-Stored energy----PE=mgh-----Measured using joules----A roller coaster at the start of the ride
Gravitational Energy-Energy stored in a object when it is above earth's surface----Form of PE
Chemical Energy-Energy stored in food, fuel-----Form of PE----Batteries
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Elastic Energy-Energy stored in objects that are stretched------Form of PE---- Jumping on a trampoline
Nuclear Energy-Energy that comes from changes in the nucleus of an atom-----Form of Potential Energy--- Using nuclear fission to generate electricity in a nuclear power plants
Energy- ability to do work----Makes matter move/change--- The sun that provides light
Law of Conservation of Energy- energy cannot be created or destroyed, but only changed from one form into another or transferred from one object to another.----Energy can't be destroyed/created---a bowling ball knocking into the pins.
Law of Conservation of Matter/Mass-Matter is neither created nor destroyed. The mass of the reactants must equal the mass of the products.---Matter can't be destroyed/created---- The total mass of a closed system not changing
Newton's Laws-1st law:An object at rest will remain at rest,and an object moving at a constant velocity, unless it is acted upon by an unbalanced force;2nd law:f=ma;3rd law:Objects a force on another object,then the second object exerts a force of equal strength in the opposite direction on the first----1st:A sliding hockey puck stopping due to friction;2nd: Pushing a empty shopping cart rather than a full one is easier due to there being less force required to push it because of the lower mass;3rd:When you dive off of a diving board, you push down on the springboard. The board springs back and forces you into the air.---Describes the relationship between a object and forces acting on it
Mechanical advantage-the advantage gained by the use of a mechanism in transmitting force specifically---Measures advantage of tool---effort distance/resistance distance;resistance force/effort force---a person pushing with a force of 30 lb (13.5 kg) was able to move an object that weighed 180 lb (81 kg). So the mechanical advantage of the lever in that example was 180 lb divided by 30 lb, or 6.