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ENERGY is the ability to do work Real Life Scenario- energy is used on a…
ENERGY is the ability to do work Real Life Scenario- energy is used on a daily basis and is transferred/transformed to make our lives easier.
-law of conservation of energy- 
KINETIC ENERGY is the energy of motion
KE= 1/2mv^2 -•Kinetic energy is depended on velocity and mass•.-
Real Life Scenario- A moving car at 5m/s, will have a greater KE than an object at 0m/s
MECHANICAL ENERGY is is the sum of kinetic and potential energy in an object that is used to do work. In other words, it is energy in an object due to its motion or position, or both.
ME= KE+PE
•All objects have mechanical energy•
Real Life Scenario- As a ball is bounced up and down, the balls ME will remain the same.
A MOTOR is the attracting and repelling properties of magnets to create motion. •A motor makes mechanical energy• Real Life Scenario- A student makes a motor using a battery, wires, a magnet and a nail to make electricity.
ELECTRICAL ENERGY is energy derived from electric potential energy or kinetic energy. When used loosely, "electrical energy" refers to the energy that has been converted from electric potential energy. •"The work required to change the position of a charge in an electrostatic field is equal to the change in electrostatic potential energy that occurs, assuming kinetic energy does not change (the work-energy theorem)."• Real Life Scenario- electrical energy is used and nearly everything that needs electricity.
GENERATOR is a dynamo or similar machine for converting mechanical energy into electricity. •generators generate electricity• Real Life Scenario- A generator is placed in a waterfall in order to create electricity by using the force of the falling water.
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OHM'S LAW states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points.V=IR •Ohms law is used in order to find voltage, resistance or current in both parallel or serie circuit. Real Life Scenario- If the circuit has a 100 Ohm resistor and the voltage is increased from 12 Volts to 24 Volts, the current will increase.
AC/DC An AC(Alternating Current) is a current in which the current changes directions periodically. While a DC(direct current) is a current in which the current flows in one direction.•both AC and DC generators convert mechanical power into electrical power to produce electric current and both depend on their work on Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction.• Real Life Scenario- alternating currents are used for house lighting
NEWTONS LAWS OF MOTION are the three physical laws that lay the foundation for mechanics. •These laws are: 1. Everything at rest stays at rest, everything in motion stays in motion. 2. F=ma 3. For every reaction, there's an equal and opposite reaction.• Real Life Scenario- When an object is thrown to the floor, it'll give an equal reaction back causing it to bounce back, the force in which it hits by is depended by the mass and acceleration I which it was thrown. Lastly, the ball will continue to bunce until an outside force stops it.
Terminal Velocity is the constant speed that a freely falling object eventually reaches when the resistance of the medium through which it is falling prevents further acceleration.•"It occurs once the sum of the drag force (Fd) and buoyancy equals the downward force of gravity (FG) acting on the object. Since the net force on the object is zero, the object has zero acceleration."•Real Life Scenario- A sky-driver experiences terminal velocity as he/she free falls.
SOUND ENERGY is a form of energy that is associated with vibrations of matter. It is a type of mechanical wave which means it requires an object to travel through. This object includes air and water. •Since sound energy is a mechanical wave, this type of energy can't ravel through a vacuum.• Real Life Scenario- An explosion occurs in space and it gives off a large glare. However, no sound was heard.
THERMAL ENERGY is the energy generated by the movement of tiny particles •also known as kinetic energy• Q=mc△t Real Life Scenario- As you boil water, the waters thermal energy is increasing.
SPECIFIC HEAT is the heat required to raise the temperature of the unit mass of a given substance by a given amount. Q=mc△t Real Life Scenario- Waters specific heat capacity is 4200, meaning that it takes water 4200J/Kg*C in order to raise the temperature. •Specific heat is dependent of mass and volume•
PHASE CHANGE is the result of an object reaching a certain special point. •there's 3 different phase changes:gas, liquid and solid• Real Life Scenario- When someone leaves an ice cubes outside in a hot day, the ice cube will first start to melt, then it'll become a liquid, lastly it'll go through evaporation until it becomes a gas. " If you're going from solid to liquid, you use #DeltaH_(fusion)# (called the heat of fusion), which represents the heat required for 1 gram of substance to change from solid to liquid at melting point."
GAS LAWS are the physical laws that describe the properties of gases, including Boyle's and Charles' laws(PV = nRT).•The temperature of a gas is directly proportional to its pressure• Real Life Scenario- James left a balloon outside on a cold night and tested to see whether the balloon deflated or not. To his surprise, it did. This was due to gas laws
TRIPLE POINT is the temperature and pressure at which the solid, liquid, and vapor phases of a pure substance can coexist in equilibrium. •is the point at which all three distinct phases of matter ( solid, liquid, gas) coexist• Real Life Scenario-As water reaches a specific combination of temperature and pressure, it has reached its triple point.
CONDUCTION, CONVECTION, RADIATION are the 3 main transfers of energy. •CONDUCTION is the transfer of heat by direct touch. CONVECTION is the transfer of heat done by the movement of heat by the motion of matter(cold air sinks and hot air rises). RADIATION is the transfer of heat done by electromagnetic waves•.Real Life Scenario- During a campfire, you hold a metal rod up t the fire which causes your hands to feel warm due to conduction. You also place out your hands near the fire to get some warmth due to radiation. Lastly, you become thirsty and decide to boil some water, this process happens due to convection
ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY is the energy released by the waves of the electromagnetic field, propagating through space, carrying electromagnetic radiant energy. It includes radio waves, microwaves, infrared, light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays. •Electromagnetic waves do not matter in order to travel, meaning they can travel through a medium.• Real Life Scenario-When going to a doctors appointment after fracturing or breaking a bone, doctors will use x-rays to see the damage.
LIGHT ENERGY is electromagnetic radiation within a certain portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.•-Light energy is all around us on a daily basis.•- Real Life Scenario: Nora went outside on a hot day to hang out with friends. As she stepped out, she realized that the sun was a form of light energy.
POTENTIAL ENERGY is the energy that an object has due to its position in a force field or that a system has due to the configuration of its parts. •Potential Energy is depended of height and mass.•PE=mgh Real Life Scenario-An object at 10m of height will have more PE than an object at 0m
CHEMICAL ENERGY is the potential of a chemical substance to undergo a transformation through a chemical reaction to transform other chemical substances. -•chemical energy is caused by the breaking down of chemical bonds•Real Life Scenario- A battery releases chemical energy as it is being used.
THE LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS/MATTER states that in any closed system the amount of mass will remain constant over time. •This means that matter can neither be created nor destroyed.• Real Life Scenario-"In a chemical reaction, the mass of the reactants you start with will equal the mass of the products once the reaction is complete. Even when matter is transformed, the mass will remain constant."
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NUCLEAR ENERGY is the energy released during nuclear fission or fusion, especially when used to generate electricity. •Nuclear Energy is used in most households, 1 in 5 households and business in the US are electrically powered by nuclear energy.•
ELASTIC ENERGY is energy stored in the configuration of a material or physical system as work is performed to distort its volume or shape. •Related to Ohms Law• V=IR Real Life Scenario- John is playing in class and decides to pull a rubber hand back and swing it across the room. This is an example of elastic energy
GRAVATATIONAL POTENTIAL IS is energy an object possesses because of its position in a gravitational field. •On earth, the GPE is effected by 9.8m/s• PE=mgh Real Life Scenario-the moon orbits the earth in a circular motion due to the Earths GPE
LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY is the law that states that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant; it is said to be conserved over time. •Energy can't be created nor destroyed• Real Life Scenario- James is creating a circuit and believes that energy is being lost as it passes through the wires, however he is wrong because energy can't be created nor destroyed. Therefore, energy must've been transformed or transferred.• V=IR