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Head Trauma (신경검사 (평상시의 신경검사를 하지 못함., Mental status : BAR, depressed,…

- - - - epidural or subdural ← uncommon in animals, 수술로 해결하기 쉬움.
      - intraparenchymal ← 동물에서는 이게 많음.
    - - any cause of pressure↑ → shifting of brain tissue between compartments
      - Tentorial herniation ← brainstem과 소뇌 압박
      - Cerebellum herniation ← foramen magnum을 통해 빠져나감.
      - Diencephalic stage
        
        edema before herniation
        
        forebrain signs
        
        depression to stupor or delirium(dementia)
        
        pupils small but responsive - loss of forebrain inhibition
        
        Doll's eye OK
        
        gait normal to paretic
        
        respiration normal or Cheyne-strokes(rapid breathing followed by apnea)
      - Midbrain stage
        
        occipital lobe herniates
        
        midbrain compressed
        
        stupor to coma
        
        decerebrate rigidity
        
        pupils dilated & fixed
        
        VL strabismus
        
        Doll's eye weak
      - Pons stage
        
        more caudal compression of brainstem at pons
        
        coma
        
        pupils midrange & fixed
        
        Doll's eye lost - eyes midposition
        
        decerebrate → flaccid
        
        rapid shallow or apneustic respiration
      - Medulla stage
        
        herniation of cerebellum out of foramen magnum
        
        coma
        
        pupils dilated & fixed
        
        no Doll's eye
        
        flaccid paralysis
        
        irregular respiration
        
        apnea & death