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Inheritance, Variation and Evolution (Reproduction (Protein synthesis (1)…
Inheritance, Variation and Evolution
Reproduction
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Sexual reproduction leads to variety, asexual reproduction doesn't
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DNA monomers are called nucleotides - made of sugar phosphate group with one of 4 different bases attached to sugar - ACGT
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If the structure of DNA changed, it would code for a different amino acid and therefore protein
Protein synthesis
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3) Cytoplasm contains carrier molecules each attached to a specific amino acid, and they attach themselves in the order given by the template
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Dominant genes are always expressed if present, recessive ones only if there are two
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Female sex chromosomes: XX, male: XY
Variation and Evolution
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Evolution is a change in the inherited characteristics of a population over time through a process of natural selection which may result in the formation of a new species
Selective breeding is the process by which humans breed plants and animals for particular genetic characteristics
Genetic engineering involves modifying the genome of an organism by introducing another gene of a desired characteristic
Tissue culturing: Use tiny piece of plant tissues, culture with hormones and replant
Cuttings: Cut plant stem at angle, use rooting powder and cover with a bag
Embryo transplant: Splitting apart cells from developing embryos before specialisation and transplanting identical embryos into host mothers
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