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Postmodernism (Characteristics (These social structures are replaced by a…
Postmodernism
Characteristics
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Argues that the idea of a definitive and comprehensive theory of society (Marx, Durkheim, Weber) is not possible
Challenges certain social structures and accepts individual's belief as true just like phenomenology
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Rejects structures and tends to de-construct (eg: good vs evil, male vs female)
There is now a much wider variety of beliefs and most people are unwilling to accept that one set of ideas gives the absolute truth and all the others are false
Stresses the chaos and uncertainty in society, and argues that social structures like the family and social class are breaking down
These social structures are replaced by a whole range of different and constantly changing social relationships
Postmodernists argue it is nonsense to talk an institution called the family (eg: people now live in such a wide range of changing personal relationship)
Jean Francois Lyotard
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Belief: "all cultures, ancient and modern legitimate themselves through the telling and re-telling and narratives, stories that give cultures purpose and meaning"
Replaced the grand narratives and leads to the death of meta-narratives (explanation of structural theories using of hard scientific truths)
Language games
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Statements and utterances used in a way an individual is trying to get his version of what is true or right to be accepted
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Meta-narratives
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Concludes that people should be allowed to tell their own stories and there should be no attempt to established the better stories
Diversity dominates as people lose faith in the search for one great truth that unites and justifies all knowledge
Jean Baudrillard
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Famously asserted that the real no longer exists and we inhabit a society that is wholly made up of simulacra (stimulations) of reality that replace pure reality
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Hyperreality
The way that is used by an individual to know about other people's lives and it often gives a distorted view of the world
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Unlike Lyotard, Baudrillard sees humans as trapped in a type of powerless uniformity and not liberated by plurality and diversity
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