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Reproductive System, Elena Trinh, Period 2 (disorders of the reproductive…

- - - - causes secretion of testosterone & other androgens
    - - release of FSH and LH from the anterior pituitary
    - - targets sustentacular cells to promote spermatogenesis
    - - promotes development of the male reproductive system
  - - - stimulate endometrial growth & secretion
    - - stimulaties follicle development
    - - maintains structure & secretory function of corpus leteum
    - - promotes development of the female reproductive system
- - - - produces sperm to be ejaculated from body in semen
      - sperm travels thru epididymis, ductus deferens, & ejaculatory duct
      - tunica albuginea surrounds testis
      - septa extend from tunica albuginea to epidiymis
    - - prostate gland
        
        secretes slightly acidic prostate fluid
      - bulbourethral glands
        
        secretes alkaline mucus with lubricating properties
      - seminal vesicles
        
        active secretory gland
        
        secretions contain fructose, prostaglandis, & fibrinogen
        
        60% total volume of semen
      - scrotal sac encloses testes
        
        dartos muscle wrinkles sac
        
        cremaster muscle pulls sac close to body
      - penis
        
        contains 3 masses of erectile tissue
        
        dilation of erectile tissue produces erectoin
    - - middle piece
        
        mitochondria that produce the ATP needed to power the tail
      - tail
        
        the only flagellum in the human body
      - head
        
        nucleus & densely packed chromosomes
    - - passes thru inguinal canal
      - enlarges to form ampulla
      - begins at epididymis
      - ejaculatory duct at the base of the seminal vesicle & ampulla
      - empties into urethra
    - - prostatic
      - membranous
      - urinary bladder to tip of penis
      - penile
  - - - produces oocytes
      - mesovarium supports & stabilizes
      - tunica albuginea covers ovary
      - held in position by ovarian & suspensory ligaments
      - blood vessels enter ovarian hilus
    - - muscular organ
        
        nutritional support
        
        waste removal for developing embryo & fetus
        
        mechanical protection
      - uterine wall
        
        myometrium
        
        outer muscular layer
        
        endometrium
        
        thin, inner, glandular mucosa
        
        perimetrium
        
        incomplete serosa continuous with the peritoneum
    - - ampulla
        
        middle portion
      - isthmus
        
        short segment connected to the uterine wall
      - infundibulum
        
        end closest to the ovary with numerous fimbriae
      - fertilization occurs in uterine tube
    - - connects uterus with the exterior of the body
- - - - restoration of the endometrium
    - - endometrial glands enlarge & accelerate their rates of secretion
    - - degeneration of the endometrium
      - menstruation
- - - - interstitial cells between tubules
      - secrete hormornes
      - contain spermatogonia & the stem cells that are involved in spermatogenesis
      - contain sustentacular cells: promotes & sustains the development of sperm
    - - monitors and adjusts fluid in seminiferous tubules
      - stores & protects spermatozoa
      - elongated tubule with head, body, & tail regions
      - facilitates functional maturation of spermatozoa
  - - - occurs monthly in ovarian follicles
      - part of ovarian cycles
        
        follicular phase (preovulatory)
        
        luteal phase (postovulatory)
      - ovum production