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Children's spoken development (Bellugi's theories (Pronouns (stage…
Children's spoken development
Bellugi's theories
Pronouns
stage 1 - children use names
stage 2- children can recognise the difference between subject and object but not consistently
stage 3- children do this consistently
Negative acquisition
Children will first put no in front of things
they will then place it in the middle of the sentence
then they'll place it in the right place
Features of CDS
'e' phoneme - dimunitives
prosodic features - pitch increase
simple grammar
Jean berko and the wug test
children have a more sophisticated idea of morphology then specifically taught
A imaginary animal entitled the wug was made. The children were asked questions like what would 2 wug be called (wugs).
This in some ways suggests universal grammar is a real thing - supporting the nativist theory
The structuralist theory
Preverbal - cooing, crying, babbling
Holopharstic - one word stage. Between 12-18 months. Just one word is used in labelling an item.
Two word stage. Around 18 months. Potential meaning is narrowed by the extra word.
Telegraphic - At age of 2.Includes key content words with the omission of grammatical words.
Post telegraphic- 3 years old. Resemble adults speech
Behaviourist theory
Proposed by B.F skinner.
Test originally done on rats and pigeons.
Poistive and negative reinforcement causes operant conditioing.
Ideas such as children’s resistance to correctness may hamper the strength of this argument.
Nativist theory
Proposed by noam chomsky
Language is best explained as an innate biological ability
Limitations to the nativist theory are things like the fact children make mistakes when speaking and language development is different for every child due to caregiver support and cognitive ability.
Cognitive theory
The core of learning is based on knowledge
He argued children would not learn efficently to certain stages of cognitive development were reached
Sensorimotor stage - 0-2 = completely egocentric, begin to understand object permanence
Pre operational stage =2-7. A child learns to speak and becomes more imaginative. This means they begin to symbolically represent their world
Concrete operational - 7-12 = Egocentric stops and a child becomes more logical
Children's written development