Forces and Motion Equations
Equation For Speed
S=d/t
Speed=distance/time
Speed measured in meters per second or m/s, kilometers per hour or km/h, and miles per hour or mi/h or mph
Equation For Acceleration
a=v final-v initial/t
acceleration=final velocity-initial velocity/time
Velocity is expressed in units of meters per second, so standard units for acceleration are meters per second over time, or meters per second per second which is simplified to m/s2
Equation For Force
F=ma
Force=mass x acceleration
Standard unit of force is called the newton (N).
Equation For Momentum
p=mv
momentum=mass x velocity
The unit of momentum is the kilogram-meter per second.
Equation For Pressure
P=F/A
Pressure=Force/Area
Pressure is measured in pascals. One pascal is the pressure exerted by one newton of force on an area of one square meter.
Equation For Work
W=Fd
Work=Force x distance
The joule is the standard unit used to measure work.
Equation For Gravitational Potential Energy
GPE=mgh
Gravitational Potential Energy=mass x gravitational acceleration x height
Gravity is equal to 9.8 m/s2 at Earth's surface.
Equation For Kinetic Energy
KE=1/2mv2
Kinetic Energy=mass x velocity2/2
Equation For Mechanical Energy
ME=PE + KE
Mechanical Energy=Potential Energy + Kinetic Energy
Equation For Power
P=W/t
Power=Work/time
Equation For Power From Energy
P=E/t
Power=Energy/time
Equation For Mechanical Advantage
Mechanical Advantage=Output Force/Input Force
MA=F out/F in
Equation For Efficiency
Efficiency=Output work/Input work x 100
Equation For Ideal Mechanical Advantage
IMA=l/h
Ideal Mechanical Energy=length of incline/height of incline
IMA=R in/ R out
Ideal Mechanical Advantage=Radius of input/ Radius of output
IMA=d in/ d out
Ideal Mechanical Energy=distance from input force to fulcrum/ distance from output force to fulcrum