Cardiovascular system
Double circulatory system
Pulmonary
Systemic
Transports oxygenated blood from heart to the body
Deoxygenated blood back to the heart
Systemic circuit delivers oxygen and nutrients to muscles during exercise and removes waste products
Pulmonary removes carbon dioxide from bloodstream and replenishes oxygen stores
Transports deoxygenated blood from the heart around lungs and oxygenated blood back to the heart
Blood vessels
Arteries
Capillaries
They deliver oxygen and nutrients to the tissues
They have smooth muscle layer which vasodilates and vasoconstricts
Carries oxygenated blood at high pressure from heart to muscles
This is control blood flow
Main artery is aorta
Happens around the alveoli and muscles
Allows gas exchange
Allows gas exchange through dense network of capillaries
It has a single cell thick wall
Veins
Have pocket valves to prevent the back low of blood
Have thin layer of smooth
Carry deoxygenated blood at low pressure back to the heart against gravity
Major blood vessels
Pulmonary artery
Vena Cava
Aorta
Pulmonary vein
Carries deoxygenated blood from left ventricle to the muscles and organs
Carries deoxygenated blood from muscles and organs to the right atrium
Carries deoxygenated blood from right ventricle to the lungs
Carries oxygenated blood from lungs to the left atrium
HR, SV and CO
Heart rate
Cardiac output
Stroke volume
Measured in beats per minute
Max HR is 210-age
Number of heart contractions each minute
Measured in litres per minute
Volume of blood ejected from left ventricle each minute
Volume of blood ejected from left ventricle each minute
Measured in litres per minute