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Computer systems in manufacturing (Integrating IT (Computer Integrated…
Computer systems in manufacturing
Integrating IT
Computer Integrated Manufacture (CIM) uses computers to enable planning and control of the production process
Computer systems integrate aspects such as planning, research, design, testing, development purchasing, accounting, inventory control and distribution
This involves a high level of automation and relies on feedback from sensors and data streams
Data analysis
Regular checks within an integrated manufacturing system means constant data feedback
Monitoring performance
Eliminating downtime
Increasing productivity
Making improvements
Computers in manufacturing
Production can be triggered and scheduled using data from EPOS, while computers track production using electronic tags
Distribution is streamlined as software gives accurate lead-times and groups orders for efficient distribution, which makes optimal use of transport, fuel and time
Storage facilities use computer systems to reduce excess inventory and control AVGs (automated guided vehicles) which arrange and collect products to make best use of space and time
RFID tags, barcodes and QR codes are used at every stage from production to retail
Scanning used on production lines gives operators manufacturing specifications, requests parts and can generate notifications to track products – Kanban functions on this basis
Scanning products at the point of sale updates inventory, collects sales information and can trigger repeat orders
Computer aided quality control
Computer aided quality control (CAQC) integrates QC/QA strategies throughout production
Reduces human error
Enables efficient inspection and testing
Generates feedback data
Packing and distribution
Packaging and distribution are often integrated into the production process
Computers add codes to ensure successful delivery
Packages are tagged and scanned to allow tracking
Manufacturing systems
Computer management systems used to control manufacturing include:
Modular/cell production
Just in time (JIT)
Quick response manufacturing (QRM)
Flexible manufacturing systems
Modular/Cell production
This type of production divides work into teams called cells or modules
Each cell works to achieve quality, efficiency and to reduce waste
Computer control is used to link several cells seamlessly
Robotic arms are used to change parts and automatic guided vehicles (AVGs) transport parts from one cell to the next
Used to manufacture cars and electronics
Quick response manufacturing
Design and manufacture is compressed to beat competitors and gain a larger market share
Computer systems allow for close communication between staff
Rapid prototyping generates accurate models
Flexible manufacturing
Flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) can adapt to changes in product, material and scale of production
FMS can respond quickly to market demands, capitalising on the adaptability of CNC machines
Multi-functional tools and quick-release dies mean machines can switch from one product to another with little downtime