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Pevensey/ Anderida (Pevensey as a centre of Government and trade (William…
Pevensey/ Anderida
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Pevensey as a Port
In 1067, William sailed back to Normandy from Pevensey, showing it's importance to the King
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Pevensey offered a natural harbour to the Norman coast, making it an important centre of Commerce
By building a castle, attack was prevented at Pevensey again
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Importance
Location
Pevensey initially was a peninsular joined to the mainland by a narrow spit of land. The area had Marshland that blocked attack
Connected to a Roman road, and had harbours to moor boats
The natural harbours meant that supplies could be taken from Normandy to the attackers, or if necessary, the troops could retreat. The fort also had a Postern gate to help escape easily
Building
William erected a motte and bailey castle that had been pre-created in Normandy. The castle was already surrounded by stone walls
The Spit was cut off to make Anderida an Island, and a drawbridge was built
The walls were repaired, and the Roman tower in the N-W of the Inner Bailey was raised in height to be used as an observation post
Defence
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The invaders were in a hostile country,and needed to be able to defend themselves. Pevensey provided that protection
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Raiding
Pevensey was in Harold's old lands,and so raiding was a direct attack upon the King
The Normans pillaged and burnt Saxon villages stopping them from getting Food, whilst the Normans had food from Normandy
Location
Pevensey was ideal for a Norman landing because it was a close crossing from Normandy, meaning risk of sinking was less than a further crossing, especially as it was going to be a night crossing
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There already was a fort at Pevensey, meaning that the troops could be fortified until a Motte and Bailey castle could be erected inside the walls. It also gave protection and a base to the troops from the threat of Harolds Army or use as a raiding base
Background
Roman
Romans built Anderida in AD 290 as one of a chain of forts along the "Saxon shore", an area which frequently was raided by Saxons
All of the fort was based upon the modern D-shaped towers of the time, a new feature of Roman defences
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Saxon
After the Roman army withdrew in AD 410, Anderida remained home to Roman settlers
In AD 491, it was surrounded by Saxon warriors, and all the occupants were slaughtered.
It may have had settlers living in it afterwards, but it fell into disrepair as it had no new builds