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Moroccan Colonization Timeline (1904 (Spain and France (carved out spheres…
Moroccan Colonization Timeline
1904
Spain and France
carved out spheres of influence
1884
Spain
created protectorate in coastal areas of Morocco
1921-1926
Rif War
Berber tribal rebellion in Rif mountains
led by Muhammad Abd el-Krim
guerrilla warfare initially very effective against colonial powers
ultimately suppressed by French and Spanish troops
1939-1945
World War II
Sultan pledged support to France against Germany
Morocco expected to contribute men & resources to war effort
mobilized 2 Sept 1939 - Res. General Charles Noguès sent 47,000 troops to France
Vichy government present - established internment camps & enforced anti-Jewish laws
1956
Moroccan Independence
French protectorate ends after unrest and strong nationalist sentiment
Spain keeps its two coastal enclaves
1912
Treaty of Fez
resulted in division of Morocco
North Quarter = Spain
Tangier = International Zone
Southern 3/4 = France (protectorate established)
1906
Algeciras Conference
held in Spain
France & Spain permitted to police Moroccan ports and collect customs fees