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HYPERGLYCEMIA (MANAGEMENT (monitor heart rate and central venous pressure,…
HYPERGLYCEMIA
MANAGEMENT
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potassium can be added to replacement fluid when fluid when the patient's urinary output is adequate.
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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
It is caused by a decrease in the production of insulin, a decrease in the action of insulin, or a combination of the two abnormalities.
Mild hyperglycemia causes no symptoms, but more severe hyperglycemia causes an increase in urine volume and thirst, fatigue and weakness, and increased susceptibility to infection.
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CARE PLAN
Nursing Interventions and Rationales:
1.Blood sugar monitoring: Normal range 70-180 mg/dL patient may have a different target blood sugar level, make sure to know what each patient’s target is.
The physician will make a target blood glucose level. Teach the patient that they need to monitor their blood glucose.They need to call their primary care physician if they have blood glucose levels higher than their target for multiple days or if they have 2 readings of greater than 300 mg/dL.Teach the patient how to use their glucometer and record their results.
2.Insulin administration -Rapid Acting: Humalog Novolog -Fast/short Acting: Regular -Intermediate Action: NPH -Long Acting:’ Lantus Levemir
It is important to know which insulin to give and how they work. Each institution has guidelines and each insulin has guidelines. Following the guidelines, make sure you know the onset, peak and duration of each type of insulin.