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Mid-Tudor Crisis: English government in the years 1540-62 was consistently…
Mid-Tudor Crisis: English government in the years 1540-62 was consistently weak
FACTIONAL RIVALRY
Between 1540-47, conciliar government = unrest Norfolk v. Seymour faction
Regency Council of HVIII = conservatives & reformists = chaos under Edward, followed by manipulation of Devyse
Rise and fall of chief ministers affected stability of gov. e.g. Cromwell (1540)
ROYAL AUTHORITY / Keeping order
Edward Vi able to control Somerset's downfall, Treason Act of 1552 ensured no rebellions
Mary commanded people's support in Wyatt rebellion - shows popularity
Later threats suppressed via burnings (but some say this did not make more Catholics)
Succession Act of 1544 + 46 = made Mary and E'beth legitimate, King of Ireland (1541) = cont'd strength of Tudor dynasty
Elizabeth I's religious settlement good at appeasing through 'via media' and propaganda; experienced admin inc. Cecil
ENFORCEMENT OF RELIGIOUS DOCTRINE
Sudden move towards reform under HVIII (Break with Rome and Dissolution of Monasteries) - government able to impose
Mary able to impose counter-reformation e.g. through Heresy laws (1554) / Papal supremacy (1555)
Elizabeth Religious Settlement accepted without rebellion against government
FOREIGN POLICY / ECONOMY (Foreign prestige and prosperity)
Somerset failed to unite crowns of England and Scotland - antagonised France, leading to Northumberland having to sell back Boulogne at $133 333
Mary struggled to deal with economic distress while also funding war against Papacy + France - almost no victories except at St. Quentin
Henry VIII consistently made ineffective foreign policy decisions e.g. debasement of coinage and increase inflation from foreign policy in France (1540 onwards)
Elizabeth unpopular loss of Calais (last Medieval English stronghold in France) - TREATY OF TROYES OF 1564