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Assignment #8 (PNS: all of the nerves, anything outside of brain or spinal…
Assignment #8
PNS: all of the nerves, anything outside of brain or spinal cord
Spinal Nerves
Nerve: collection of axons in PNS
Cranial Nerves
Ganglion: collection of neuron cell bodies in PNS
Glial/Neuroglia Cells in PNS: support
Satellite cells: are found surrounding neuron cell bodies in ganglia, regulates exchange of materials from neuron cell body and environments
Schwann cells: node of ranvier or myelin sheath gap, wraps one portion of the axon
Types of Sensory & Motor Fibers of the PNS
Somatic sensory: touch, pain, pressure, vibration, temp, and proprioception (muscles, joints, ligaments, tendons..etc) from the skin, body wall and limbs.
Visceral sensory: stretch, pain, temp, chemical changes, and irritation in viscera (guts and ventral organs)
Somatic motor: motor innervation (has nerves) to skeletal muscles
Visceral motor: motor innervation to smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle, and glands. (we don't have to think about controlling these functions)
Endocrine gland: ductless glands that secrete hormones into the blood
Exocrine gland: glands that secrete onto body surfaces or into body cavities. All exocrine glands have ducts
CNS: function-receive, process, and respond
Brain & Spinal Cord
Nucleus: in CNS, collection of neuron bodies. control center; genetic info stored here
Tract: collection of axons in CNS
Grey Matter: outer part of brain and inner nuclei, neuron cell bodies, dendrites, unmyelinated axons, axon terminals
White matter: deep to cortex of brain, outer portion of spinal cord. myelinated axons (and unmyelinated mixed in)
Glial cells in CNS: support
Astrocyte: largest, most abundant, helps maintain correct chemical environment to conduct electrical signals
Microglia (phagocyte of CNS): mobile, defending against invaders & take any damaged neural tissues
Ependymal cells: produces CSF & helps circulate it with microvilli and cilia
Oligodendrocytes: nods between pieces of myelin sheath. Will wrap several parts of different axons
Integration: combining info from many sources (ex: CNS and PNS)
Sensory receptors: monitor both the external and the internal environment. They can be described by their location in the body or the location of the stimuli to which they respond.