Sensory Integration and Processing FOR
The translation of sensory integration theory into practice is that difficulty modulating sensory information can result in sensory defensiveness, which will be indicated by an individual's under- or over responsiveness to sensory stimuli (Reynolds, Glennon, Ausderau, Bendixen, Kuhaneck, Pfeiffer, Watling, Wilkinson, & Bodison, 2017). Sensory based feeding problems may be diagnosed when a child demonstrates atypical responses to stimulation in and around the mouth such as coughing, gagging, spitting out, or refusing foods (Reynolds et al, 2017). The client has been been exposed to prolonged use of a feeding tube and a complex medical history and consequently, the client presents with oral feeding difficulties. The use of SI will promote the use of techniques to address the client's refusal to eat and gagging response. The use of SI will take place in the client's home environment in order to reduce distress. Additionally, the client's environment may be modified to support participation and include methods to reduce or enhance sensory stimulation from the environment to promote regulation and attention or to improve behavior (Reynolds et al, 2017).
Applied Behavior
Feeding disorders are quite complex with behavioral components often contributing to the development and continuation of food refusal. Behavioral interventions are effective in treating feeding problems, even when medical or oral motor components are also involved (Taylor, Kozlowski, & Girolami, 2017). Children with differences in sensory processing and integration may exhibit aggressive, avoidance, or seeking behaviors as a result of sensory modulation problems; have difficulty learning new skills or expanding play schemas because they struggle with praxis; or may choose not to engage in tasks that are perceived to be too difficult secondary to postural or motor challenges. In relation to this client it will be important to observe and understand their current environment; and provide strategies introducing or removing environmental cues that trigger a behavior.