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The Cell (Experiments (To examine a plant cell, To examine an animal cell,…
The Cell
Experiments
To examine a plant cell
To examine an animal cell
To show that seeds give out heat during respiration
To show osmosis through a non living thing
To show osmosis through a living thing (potato)
Respiration
Aerobic
Oxygen is used
Glucose is fully broken down
Lots of energy is made
Glucose + O2------------------- Energy + CO2 + H2O
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -----------------2820KJ + 6CO2 + 6H2O
Anaerobic
No Oxygen is used
Glucose is not fully broken down
Little amounts of energy is made
Glucose -------------------- Ethanol +CO2 + Energy
C6H12O6 ----------------------- 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 + 210KJ
Used in
Brewing
Baking
Winemaking
Silage making (Fermentation)
Release of Energy from food
Movement of Substances Into/Out of the Cell
Diffusion
Movement of a liquid or gas from where is lots to where there is little
Eg. Deodorant Can
Osmosis
Movement of water from where there is little across a semi-permeable membrane until both sides are equal in concentration
Active Transport
The way that minerals (K, N, Ca, P, Mg) get into the roots of a plant
Process requires energy
Types of Cells
Animal Cell
Cell Organelles
Cytoplasm
Jelly-like substance that suspends the cell organelles
Nucleus
Controls cell activities
Mitochondria
Makes Energy through Respiration
Cell Membrane
is semi-permeable: lets certain things in/out of the cell
Vacuoles
Stores food and water. Animals have small vacuoles
Ribosomes
Makes proteins
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulium
Makes Lipids
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Transports proteins made by ribosomes to other parts of the cell
Plant Cell
Vacuole
Stores water, food +waste. Large in plants
Cell Wall
Gives strength & support to cell
Chloroplasts
Contain pigment Chlorophyll which turn plants green + capture sunlight for photosynthesis
Cell Membrane
Ribosomes
Lysosomes
Contains enzymes that breakdown worn old cells
Mitochondria
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Eukaryotic/Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
DNA is found in the Nucleus
Prokaryotic
DNA floats freely in the cytoplasm. NO Nucleus