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Apologies and Friendships (Characteristics of friendship (Voluntary,…
Apologies and Friendships
Individualism vs. Collectivism
Individualism
focus on individuals' needs, rights, and goals
Ex. USA
Low Context
value communication that is direct, explicit, and literal
Collectivism
group harmony
High Context
indirectness, nonverbal cues, concern for the other person's face
Apologies
Acknowledgement of wrong doing
Acceptance of responsbility
Expression of remorse
Offer compensation
Expressed commitment to not repeat the transgression
Research about apologies
The closer the relationship, the higher the likelihood of apologies
Women are more likely than men to apologize and to receive apologies
When the transgressor is other-focused, rather than self-focused, they are more likely to regain trust
Empathy is related to the effectiveness of apologies, transgressors should ensure their partner feels heard before apologizing
Victims want reassurance that the wrongful behavior will not be repeated
Characteristics of friendship
Voluntary
Mutual
Personal
Affectionate
Typically platonic
Romance is viewed culturally as more important. Friendships and romance can overlap. Jealousy can occur
Dialectical tensions
Private vs. public tension
friendships can co-exist with other relationships
Ex. mom and friend, boss and friend, sister and friend
Ideal vs. real tension
cultural ideas of friendships vs. the reality of real-life friends
Ex. having fun all the time and posting about it vs. just hanging out sometimes and not taking pictures all the time
Dependence vs. independence
rely on your friends vs. understand that they have lives too
Ex. You want to hang out with them every day, but they have work and school too
Affection vs. instrumentality
care for friends vs. rely on them for assistance
Ex. you're there when they need you, asking constantly to borrow their car
Judgement vs. acceptance
evaluate their actions vs. accept them unconditionally
Ex. You don't like how a friend dresses: judge or love them anyway
Expressiveness vs. protectiveness
the desire to be open vs. the desire to be sensitive
share how you feel vs. protect their feelings