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DIABETIC NEUROPATHY AND FOOT (Diabetic neuropathy (Symptoms (Numbness or…
DIABETIC NEUROPATHY AND FOOT
Diabetic neuropathy
pathophysiology
pathologic changes in nerve tissues are related to poor glucose control, ischaemic lesions of the nerve and chemical changes in peripheral nerve cells. these can be classified as mononeuropathy which affect a single nerve or group of nerves, but involves both sensory and autonomic neuropathy its called polyneuropathy
Symptoms
Numbness or reduced ability to feel pain or temperature changes
Tingling or burning sensation
Sharp pains or cramps
Loss of reflexes, especially in the ankle
Loss of balance and coordination
nursing intervention
blood sugar control
foot care
Cut your toenails straight across, and file the edges carefully so there are no sharp edges.
Risk factors
Poor blood sugar control
Diabetes history
Kidney disease.
Being overweight
Smoking
causes
Smoking and alcohol abuse
Genetic factors
Inflammation in the nerves
Diabetic foot
pathophysiology
is a foot that exhibits any pathology that results directly from diabetes mellitus or any long-term (or "chronic") complication of diabetes mellitus.Presence of several characteristic diabetic foot pathologies such as infection, diabetic foot ulcer and neuropathic osteoarthropathy is called diabetic foot syndrome.
Due to the peripheral nerve dysfunction associated with diabetes (diabetic neuropathy), patients have a reduced ability to feel pain. This means that minor injuries may remain undiscovered for a long while. People with diabetes are also at risk of developing a diabetic foot ulcer. Research estimates that the lifetime incidence of foot ulcers within the diabetic community is around 15% and may become as high as 25%
symptoms
loss of feeling.
blisters or other wounds without painful.
wounds with or without drainage.
skin discoloration and temperature changes
foot ulcers or wounds that do not heal
Nursing intervention
keeping wounds clean and dressed
wearing immobilization devices, such as a cast boot or total contact cast
closely observing any gangrene on the toes until self-amputation occurs, which is when the toes fall off due to lack of blood flow
Examine the feet daily, or ask someone to check for any changes or injuries.
Wear supportive shoes and socks
Promote blood flow to the feet:
Protect feet from extreme temperatures:
Control blood sugar:
Smoking adversely affects blood flow to the tissues, which can make foot problems worse in people with diabetes
causes
High Blood Sugar Levels
Poor Circulation
Nerve Damage
Immune System Issues
Infection