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Endocrine System (Anterior Pituitary (Prolactin (PRL) (Female: Mammary…
Endocrine System
Anterior Pituitary
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
Target Organ: Female: Ovaries. Stimulates ovulation, estrogen and progesterone synthesis in corpus luteum of ovary
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Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Thyrotropin
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Prolactin (PRL)
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Male: Interstitial cells in testes. May play a role in the sensitivity of the interstitial cells to LH.
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Growth Hormone (GH)
Target Organ: Almost every cell in the body. Stimulates increased growth and metabolism in target cells; stimulates synthesis of somatomedin in the liver to stimulate growth at epiphyseal plate
Organ: Adrenal Cortex
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Corticosteriods: mineralcorticoids, glucorticoids, gonadocorticoids
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Organ: Pancreas
Insulin
Target: liver and body cells. Decreases glucose levels in body fluids, glucose transport into target cells; promotes glycogen and lipid formation and storage
Glucagon
Target: adipose cells. Increases blood glucose levels, glycogen breakdown in liver cells, lipid breakdown in adipose cells
Somatostatin
Target: alpha and beta cells of pancreatic islets. Slows release of insulin and glucagon to slow rate of nutrient absorption during digestion
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Organ: Ovaries
Progesterone
Target: mammary glands and uterus. Regulates menstrual cycle; stimulates growth of uterine lining; stimulates growth of mammary glands
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Estrogen
Target: ovaries. Stimulates development of female reproductive organs, follicle maturation; regulates menstrual cycle; stimulates growth of mammary glands
Organ: Adrenal Medulla
Epinephrine
Target: various cells throughout the body. Work with the sympathetic division of ANS to stimulate fight-or-flight response.
Norepinephrine: Target: various cells throughout the body. Work with the sympathetic division of ANS to stimulate fight-or-flight response.
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Posterior Pituitary
Oxytocin
Target Organ: Male: Smooth muscle of male reproductive tract. Stimulates contraction of smooth muscle of male reproductive tract
Target Organ: Female: Uterus and Mammary glands. Stimulates smooth muscle contraction in uterine wall; stimulates milk ejection from mammary glands
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Organ: Heart
Atriopeptin
Target: Blood. Increases sodium and water loss in urine, resulting in reduced blood volume and blood pressure.