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ACROMEGALLY (symptoms and complications (skin changes e.g (skin thickens,…
ACROMEGALLY
pathophysiology
Is a rare disorder of excessive bone and soft tissue growth due to elevated levels of growth hormone, which is caused by the existance of a secreting pituitary tumor in more than 95% of acromegaly cases.
in rare instances elevated GH levels are caused by extra pituitary disorders. in either situation, hypersecretion of GH in turn cases subsequent hepatic stimulation of insulin-like growth factor-1
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DIAGNOSIS STUDIES
IF ACROMEECAGALLY IS CONFIRMED THE FOLLOWING TESTS MAY BE DONE TO LOCATE THE TUMOR THAT IS CAUSING DISORDER
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Head CT scan- a type of X-ray that uses a computer make pictures of the ibside of the brain and sororunding structures
a glucose tolerance test may also be done to see if the GH level drops- it will not drop in case of acromegally
Blood test will be done to measure the levels of insulin like growth factor(IGF-I), (GHRH), And other pituiutary hormones
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NURSING MANAGEMENT
PREOPERATIVE: at the time of diagnosis, the patient requeres education and emotional support, focus on the cause of a disease, the prescribed medication and preparations for surgery
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prepare the patient and family for surgery. explain the preoperative tests examinations for a patient who is undergoing a transphenoidal hypophysectomy or a transfontal craniotomy,explain the postoperative needs for nasal packing and mustach dressing
POSTOPERATIVE
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to assure healing of the incision site explain the need to avoid activities that increase intracranial pressure eg, sneezing and coughing
MEDICAL MANAGEMENT GOALS
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correct other endocrine abnormalities such as (thyroid, adrenal, sex organs)
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TREATMENT MAY INCLUDE
SURGERY: Surgical removal of the pituitary tumor or other tumor believed to be the causing acromegally may be done, in most cases this is the prefered treatment
RADIOSURGERY:: is the use of highly focused external means of radiation to shrink the tumor, it is most used in patients which do not respond to conventional surgery or treatment
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