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Research Methods (Laboratory Experiments (Lab experiments are: (Conducted…
Research Methods
Laboratory Experiments
Often used to investigate criminological psychology especially in relation to EWT - it's illegal to test real witnesses as it might bias their testimony > this means participants are put into stimulated environments such as e.g. watch a film in a lab setting
Lab experiments are:
Conducted in artificial environments, constructed by the experimenter
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In criminological psychology, IV is manipulated to investigate things such as effect of specific factor (weapon presence/leading Qs)
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+They can be easily replicated
+High levels of control over extraneous variables & the IV
+Cause & effect can be established easily
+Less ethical concerns than if it were real life incidents
-Low ecological validity
-Demand Characteristics are highly possible due to expectation
-Can cause distress even though it isn't real
Field Experiments
Conducted in a more natural setting although they still have the manipulation of the IV & the measurement of the DV. The situation would take place in a setting where the researcher has tried to recreate an environment where a particular situation would take place
Field experiments are:
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Most of the situation is realistic other than the test of the effect such as completing a questionnaire or answering Qs immediately afterwards
+Behaviour is more likely to reflect real life
+Higher ecological validity
+Lower demand characteristics
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Case Studies
Are in depth investigation into a single person, group or event. In criminological psychology it usually involves looking into a case of an offender. They are particularly useful to help understand why someone has committed crime & allow clinician to develop understanding of further factors causing specific behaviour - also use IV & DV as with experiments
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