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Error control methods (CRC (Cyclic redundancy check (How it is done? (At…

- - - - At sender end:
        
        count the bits in CRC generator and place that many redundant zeros to LSB side
        
        Take CRC generator and xor it with data from the MSB side
        
        3.next time do CRC from the 1 present at MSB side
        
        we stop until we have less than 4 bits at the LSB side
      - At receiver end:
        
        we take the CRC generated and put it at the LSB side with actual data
        
        now we take the CRC generator and keep xoring it like at sender side.
        
        if there is no error finally zeroes are formed at the end of xoring
- - - - we take the data and divide it into groups of n bits. depending on the n bit checksum
        
        each group encoded to its decimal equivalent
        
        decimal values of the groups is added; if we get acarry bit at the and it is wrapped around and re added.
        
        After finding the total its -ve is found by 1 's complimemt and placed in checksum field
    - - here sum is found like at sender end and if it is =o then no error present