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Role of Others In Fascism (Fascist Institutions (Duce (Head of government,…
Role of Others In Fascism
The Role of the King in Fascist Italy
appointed Mussolini as Prime Minister in October 1922
partly because he was afraid of being replaced if he resisted Fascism
partly because he was afraid of a civil war if he resisted Fascism
his most significant act between 1943 was:
(aside from appointing Mussolini)
refusing to dismiss Mussolini during the Matteotti crisis
he held twice weekly meetings with Mussolini
in which he signed most decrees and contested very few
Fascist Institutions
Duce
appointed Prime Minister by the King
could be dismissed by King
Head of government
and by 1933 head of 7 ministries
headed all 3 military ministries (1924-1929, 1933-43)
Great personality cult
PNF
subordinate to State bureaucracy
increasingly used just for propaganda purposes - not as a policy-making body
MVSN - OVRA
Fascist squads incorporated into new militia
new secret police
but limited impact
Fascist Grand Council
Mussolini was its President
had the right to choose its members and the timing of meetings
by 1928, could exclusively decide who should become a Deputy or Senator
could determine successor to throne and to Mussolini
In theory, the highest organ of the Fascist regime
in practice, subordinate to Mussolini
Corporations
complex system developed from 1926
system extended until 1934 missed corporations
regulated labour contracts but had little say in the economy
1939, new Fasces and Corporations Chamber powerless