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Memory: active system that receives information from the senses, organizes…

- - - - Working memory: an active system that processes the information in STM
      - Selective attention: ability to focus on only one stimulus from among all sensory input
    - - Capacity: potentially unlimited
      - Different types based on information stored different brain areas assossicated with each
        
        Non declarative memory: memory for skills, procedures, habits, conditioned responses
        
        Declarative memory: memory for information that is conscious and known
        
        Semantic memory: general knowledge of language, information learned in formal education
        
        Episodic memory: personal information not readily available to others
      - Duration: potentially life long
      - Semantic networks: assumes that information is stored in the brain in a connected fashion
      - Retrieval cues: stimulus for remembering
        
        Encoding specificity: tendency for memory to be improved if related information available during encoding is also available during retrieval
        
        Context dependent learning: physical surroundings
        
        State dependent learning: physiological state or psychological state
      - Recall vs Recognition
        
        Recall: memory retrieval in which the information to be retrieved must be pulled from memory with very few exterrnal cues
        
        Serial position effect: memory improved for items at beginning and end of a list
        
        Primacy effect: tendency to remember information at beginning of a body of information better than what follows
        
        Recency effect: tendency to remember information at end of a body of information better than the information ahead of it
        
        Retrieval failure: recall has failed
        
        Recognition: ability to match a piece of information or a stimulus to a stored image or fact
        
        False positive: error of recognition in which people think that they recognize a stimulus that is not actually in memory
      - Reliability of memory
        
        False memory syndrome: creation of inaccurate or false memories through the suggestion of others often while the person is under hypnosis
        
        Misinformation effect: tendency of misleading information presented after an event to alter the memories of the event itself
        
        Hindsight bias: the tendency to falsely believe that one could have predicted the outcome of an event
        
        Constructive processing: memory retrieval process in which memories are built or reconstructed from information stored during encoding
    - - Echoic memory: the brief memory of something a person has just heard
      - Iconic memory: visual sensory memory lasting only a fraction of a second
      - Eidetic imagery: the rare ability to access a visual memory for a long period of time