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Ch. 8 Cognitive Views of Learning (Elements of cognitive perspective…
Ch. 8 Cognitive Views of Learning
Elements of cognitive perspective
cognitive vs behavioral views of what is learned and role of reinforcement
both believe reinforcement is important in learning but for different reasons
behavioural believe reinforcement strengthens responses
cognitive see reinforcement as a source of feedback about what is likely to happen if behaviours are changed
behavioral view new behaviours are learned
Knowledge affecting learning
congitive
one of the most important elements in learning is prior knowledge
what we know will determine what we pay attention to, perceive, learn, remember, forget
Brains role in cognition
impact and be impacted by learning
Cognitive Views of Memory
sensory input to reconizing
Working memory
both short term in phonological loop and visual sketchpad processing in the episodic buffer
use maintenance rehearsal which is mentally repeating
use elaborative rehearsal which is making connections with long term memory
cognitive load
volume of cognitive resources including perception, attention, memory, and necessary to preform a task
resources devoted to organizing and understanding the task and also analyze solution, ignoring irrelevent stimuli
Long Term Memory
declarative, procedural, self regulatory knowledge
how information is represented
learning processes to improve long term memory
dual coding verbally and visually will be stronger
level processing theory
elaboration, organization, imagery, context
Why do we forget
if lost from working memory then lost but in long term memory may come out at the right cues
Becoming knowledgeable Basic Principles
3 ways develop declarative knowledge
develops as we integrate new info in our existing understanding
Make information meaningful
memorization aids and mnemonics
keyword method