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Large scale ecosystems are found in different parts of the world (What are…
Large scale ecosystems are found in different parts of the world
What are the distributions and the characteristics of the worlds large-scale ecosystems.
Tundra
Climate:
Short growing seasons about 60 days.
Total annual rainfall 200mm, much of which falls as snow.
temperature between -34C and 12C.
Canada
Fauna and Flora:
Animals that live here have adapted in different ways. e.g. Brown bears eat in the summer and store food in insulating layer for winter.
Plants species which have shallow root systems and are low to ground to cope with harsh climate
Boreal forest
Russia
Climate:
Temperature range between -10C and 15C.
Total annual rainfall 500mm
Fauna and flora:
Evergreen trees, which allow growth to start when the weather warms up.
Shallow roof systems because of shallow soil and frozen ground.
Trees such as pine and fir
Animals such as red foxes and black bears
Temperate forests
USA
Climate:
Temperature range between 4C and 17C
Total anual rainfall 1,000 mm
Fauna and Flora:
Trees lose their leaves in winter to reduce transpiration
Vegetation is in 4 layers; canopy, sub-canopy, herb and ground. Manny are dominated by 1 tree species e.g. oak
Animals e.g. rabbits and deer
Tropical forests
Climate:
Temperature range between 27C and 30C.
Total annual rainfall 2,200mm
Brazil
Fauna and Flora:
Lianas wind their way up trees
Vegetation is in 4 layers; emergents, canopy, under-canopy, shrub/forest floor
Animals e.g. Sloth and howler monkeys
What are the distributions and the characteristics of the worlds large-scale ecosystems continued....
Temperate grasslands
Climate:
Temperature range of 10C and 18C.
Total annual rainfall 500mm, most falling in the summer months
Argentina
Fauna and Flora
Trees are generally not found in these areas
Grasses e.g. purple needle-grass and buffalo grass grow in these areas
Tropical grassland
Climate:
Temperature range 25C to 30C
Total annual rainfall 1,000mm
Rain is concentrated in 6 to 8 months a year; the rest of the year is drought
Kenya
Fauna and Flora:
Animals reproduce during wet season when there is plentiful food and water. a.g. giraffes.
Grasses grow very tall 2m, but die off in dry season
Deserts
Climate:
Temperature range between 30C and 35C
Big temperature differences at night, -18C
Very unpredictable rainfall
Australia
Fauna and Flora
The only plants are short shrubs
Animals which live in the deserts, such as camels, store fat in their humps which can change into water when its needed.