Stress and Coping
Transactional Model of Stress and Coping
Lazarus and Folkman (1984)
How we appraise things
Stress-Diathesis Model
biopsychosocial model
Vulnerability Factors
Biological Factors
Personal attributes
Environmental/social stress
Impact of Multiple Vulnerabilities
Protective Factors
Good coping skills
Good social skills
Good social supports
Positive relationships
Medical.physical interventions
remediation
support during major life events
Impact of stress
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Stress and Psychological Problems
Core Assumptions
The Transactional Model of Coping
Primary Appraisal
Harm/loss
Threats
Challenges
that has occured so far
potential future harm/loss
Locus of Control
external/internal
global/local
controllable/uncontrollable
Examinable!!!! Locus of Control
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Secondary Appraisal
Coping Efforts
Problem Management
e.g. Taking Control, Information Seeking, pros and cons
Emotion focussed Coping
feel little control, cannot manage the source
Avoidance
distancing yourself
acceptance
seeking emotional support
selective attention
alcohol and drugs
venting anger
Meaning-based Coping
Positive reappraisal
revised goals etc, ans positive events occur
Dispositional Coping Styles
Generalised waysof behaving that can affect a person's emotional or functional reaction to a stressor
relatively stable across time and situations
adaptive vs maladaptive
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Information seeking
attentionial styles that are: vigilant (monitoring) involve avoidance (blunting)
Monitoring may increase distress and arousal; it may also increase active coping
blunting may mute excessive worry
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