Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

THYROID DISORDERS (THYROTOXICOSIS (SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS (Flushing, Sudden…

- - - - Monitor central venous pressure that measures circulating volume and cardiac function
      - Monitor blood pressure sitting, standing, or lying assessing systemic vascular resistance
      - Investigate reports of chest pain or angina, may reflect myocardial oxygen demands or ischemia
      - Monitor ECG, noting rate and rhythm;document dysrhythmias
      - Administer IV fluids as indicated
    - - Note tachycardia, dyspnoea, pallor and cyanosis.O2 demand might be increased, potentiating risk of hypoxia with activity
      - Provide for quiet and comfortable environment that may cause stimuli that will aggravate agitation, hyperactivity and insomnia
      - Encourage patient to restrict activity and rest on bed as much as possible to help counteract effects of increased metabolism
      - Provide diversional calming activities like reading, radio, television etc.
      - Monitor vital signs, noting pulse rate at rest and on when active which will remain high throughout (up to 160 bpm)
      - Review importance of rest and relaxation, avoiding stressful situations and emotional outbursts.
    - - Monitor food intake, weigh and report losses. This may indicate failure of thyroid therapy.
      - Provide balanced diet with six (6) meals per day to promote weight gain. On oedema suggest low sodium diet
      - Avoid food increasing peristalsis and fluids that cause diarrhoea as this may lead to reduced absorption of required nutrients
      - Administer medication as prescribed: glucose, vitamin B complex ,and insulin to meet energy requirements, prevent or correct hypoglycaemia and help control serum glucose.
      - Consult with dietitian to order diet high in calories, protein, carbohydrates and vitamins, to ensure adequate intake of nutrients and identify appropriate supplements
    - - provide information relevant to individual situation
      - Identify stressors and identify precipitators to thyroid crisis
      - Psychogenic factors are important in occurrence and exacerbation of this disease.
      - Discuss drug therapy and need for adherence to regimen, expected therapeutic and side effects.
      - Emphasise importance of planned period of rest to reduce undue fatigue and metabolic demands
- - - - Assess verbal and non-verbal complaints of pain to plan for intervention.
      - Place in semi-fowler's position and support head and neck to prevent hyperextension of neck and maintain integrity of suture line.
      - Provide ice collar if necessary to reduce perception of pain and tissue oedema.
      - Administer analgesics and analgesic sprays to alleviate pain and allow rest.
    - - Monitor respiratory rate, depth and force to pinpoint tracheal compression from oedema or haemorrhage.
      - Auscultate breath sounds, noting rhonchi that may indicate airway obstruction and accumulation of copious thick secretions
      - Suction mouth and trachea as indicated, noting characteristics and colour of sputum
      - Provide steam inhalation, humidifying room air, Promotes expectoration of secretions and relieves sore throat oedema.
    - - Assess speech periodically to cast out hoarseness and sore throat.
      - Keep communication simple and easy by using yes or no questions.
      - Maintenance of quiet environment may enhance hearing even from whispered communication etc
      - Post notice of patient's voice limitations at central station and answer call bell promptly.
    - - Provides knowledge base from which patient can make informed decisions.
      - Discussing well-balanced diets promotes healing and helps patient regain or maintain appropriate weight.
      - Encourage progressive general exercise program.
      - Review importance of rest and relaxation, avoiding stressful situations and emotional outbursts.
    - - Control seizure activity until the corrective therapy is successful
      - Phosphate-binding agents helpful in lowering elevated phosphorus level associated with hypocalcaemia.
      - Keep side rails up and padded, low bed position, to reduce potential for injury if seizures occur. Avoid use of restraints.
      - Monitor vital signs noting elevating temperature, tachycardia,
        Manipulation of gland during subtotal thyroidectomy may result in increased